Chapter 2: Structure of Molecules and Compounds

Question 1

atoms of reactive elements tend to combine into molecules

Answer 1

chemical bonds

Question 2

Ion-

covalent-

Answer 2

give

share

Question 3

result from electrical attractions between atoms that gain or lose valence electrons completely

Answer 3

ionic bonds

Question 4

when atoms share a pair of valence electrons rather than gaining or losing

Answer 4

covalent bonds

Question 5

measure of an atoms attraction for the electrons it shares in a chemical bond with another atom

Answer 5

electronegativity

Question 6

electrons are shared equally

Answer 6

nonpolar covalent bond

Question 7

shared unequally

Answer 7

polar covalent bond

Question 8

attractions between partially positive hydrogen atoms and partially negative atoms sharing in a different covalent bond
NOS

Answer 8

hydrogen bonds

Question 9

result form the asymmetric distribution of electrons in atoms’ outer shells

Answer 9

van der waals interactions

Question 10

polar molecules that associate readily with water (water loving)

Answer 10

hydrophilic

Question 11

nonpolar substances that are excluded by water and other polar molecules
water fearing

Answer 11

hydrophobic

Question 12

polar molecules attract other polar molecules and charged ions and molecules
-tend to exclude nonpolar molecules

Answer 12

polar associations

Question 13

• excluded nonpolar molecules tend to clump together

- reduce the surface area exposed to the surrounding polar environment

Answer 13

nonpolar associations