Chapter 4- Basics of Behavioral change and Health Phsychology Flashcards

1
Q

what is Health Psychology?

A

field that examines the causes of illness and studies ways to promote and maintain health, prevent and treat illness, and improve healthcare system.

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2
Q

What is the Health Belief model?

A

Predicts that people will engage in healthy behavior based on perceived threat they feel regarding a health problem and pros and cons of adopting it.

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3
Q

Perceived threat is influenced by which 3 factors?

A

Perceived seriousness
Perceived susceptibility to health problem
Cues to action, events, symptoms, doctor

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4
Q

What is self efficacy?

A

Subjective perception on ones own ability to succeed. Belief in ones own capabilities to successfully be physically active.

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5
Q

6 Sources of Self efficacy information?

A
  • Past Performance Experience
  • vicarious Performance- see someone else who is successful.
  • verbal persuasion- feedback
  • Physiological state appraisals- may associate arousal, pain, fatigue.
  • Emotional State and mood appraisals- negative mood or emotions
  • Imaginal experiences-
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6
Q

Transtheoretical Mode of Behavioral change (TTM)

A

Person’s readiness to change

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7
Q

Stages of Change

A
  • Precontemplation: sedentary, not considering activity program. do not see activity as relavent in their lives
  • Contemplation: sedentary, but starting to consider activity as important, not ready to commit.
  • Preparation: Some physical activity. Client mentally and physically preparing to adopt activity program.
  • Action: people engage in regular physical activity, but it is less than 6 months.
  • Maintenance: Regular physical activity for longer than 6 months.
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8
Q

What are the 4 components of TTM?

A
  • Stages of change
  • Processes of Change
  • Self Efficacy
  • Decisional Balance
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9
Q

What is the process of change?

A

Gets people from one stage of change to the next. First need to identify which stage they are in then give goals and interventions.

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10
Q

Why is Self efficacy important in TTM of change?

A

It is the belief in ones own capability to succees and is strongly related to program adoption and maintenence.

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11
Q

What is the most powerful predictor of self efficacy?

A

Past performance experience.

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12
Q

What is decisional balance?

A

the number of pros and cons perceived when adopting or maintaining an activity program. Preconemplators, and contemplators perceive more cons.

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13
Q

What is operant conditioning?

A

behaviors are influenced by their consequences. They are antecedents, behaviors, and consequences.

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14
Q

what are antecedents and stimulus control?

A

Antecedent is stimuli that precede a behavior and signal likely consequence of the behavior.
Stimulus control- manipulate antecedents in environment to maximize likelihood of desired behavior.

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15
Q

what is positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement?

A

Positive: presentation of positive stimulus that increases the likelihood the behavior will reoccur in the future.
Negative- removal or avoidance of aversion stimuli following undesired behavior.

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16
Q

What is extinction and punishment?

A

Extinction- the positive stimuli that once followed a behavior is removed and the likelihood the behavior will reoccur is decreased.
Punishment- an averse stimulus following an undesirable behavior.

17
Q

what is Shaping?

A

Shaping refers to the process of using reinforcements to gradually achieve a target behavior. Start with a basic skill the client is capable of doing then increase from there.

18
Q

What are cognitive behavioral techniques?

A

tools that influence behavior change by targeting how people think and feel about physical activity.

19
Q

What are the techniques for cognitive behavioral techniques?

A
  • Goal setting: SMART Goals
  • Feedback: intrinsic of extrinsic
  • Decision making: give client control over program participation
  • Self-monitoring
20
Q

What percent of people start a program and drop out in the first 6 months?

A

50% of people

21
Q

What are the 3 categories for potential detriments for physical change?

A

Environmental
Personal
Physical Activity

22
Q

What percent of the population meet aerobic activity and resistance goals?

A

20%