Chapter 4- Basics of Behavioral change and Health Phsychology Flashcards
what is Health Psychology?
field that examines the causes of illness and studies ways to promote and maintain health, prevent and treat illness, and improve healthcare system.
What is the Health Belief model?
Predicts that people will engage in healthy behavior based on perceived threat they feel regarding a health problem and pros and cons of adopting it.
Perceived threat is influenced by which 3 factors?
Perceived seriousness
Perceived susceptibility to health problem
Cues to action, events, symptoms, doctor
What is self efficacy?
Subjective perception on ones own ability to succeed. Belief in ones own capabilities to successfully be physically active.
6 Sources of Self efficacy information?
- Past Performance Experience
- vicarious Performance- see someone else who is successful.
- verbal persuasion- feedback
- Physiological state appraisals- may associate arousal, pain, fatigue.
- Emotional State and mood appraisals- negative mood or emotions
- Imaginal experiences-
Transtheoretical Mode of Behavioral change (TTM)
Person’s readiness to change
Stages of Change
- Precontemplation: sedentary, not considering activity program. do not see activity as relavent in their lives
- Contemplation: sedentary, but starting to consider activity as important, not ready to commit.
- Preparation: Some physical activity. Client mentally and physically preparing to adopt activity program.
- Action: people engage in regular physical activity, but it is less than 6 months.
- Maintenance: Regular physical activity for longer than 6 months.
What are the 4 components of TTM?
- Stages of change
- Processes of Change
- Self Efficacy
- Decisional Balance
What is the process of change?
Gets people from one stage of change to the next. First need to identify which stage they are in then give goals and interventions.
Why is Self efficacy important in TTM of change?
It is the belief in ones own capability to succees and is strongly related to program adoption and maintenence.
What is the most powerful predictor of self efficacy?
Past performance experience.
What is decisional balance?
the number of pros and cons perceived when adopting or maintaining an activity program. Preconemplators, and contemplators perceive more cons.
What is operant conditioning?
behaviors are influenced by their consequences. They are antecedents, behaviors, and consequences.
what are antecedents and stimulus control?
Antecedent is stimuli that precede a behavior and signal likely consequence of the behavior.
Stimulus control- manipulate antecedents in environment to maximize likelihood of desired behavior.
what is positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement?
Positive: presentation of positive stimulus that increases the likelihood the behavior will reoccur in the future.
Negative- removal or avoidance of aversion stimuli following undesired behavior.
What is extinction and punishment?
Extinction- the positive stimuli that once followed a behavior is removed and the likelihood the behavior will reoccur is decreased.
Punishment- an averse stimulus following an undesirable behavior.
what is Shaping?
Shaping refers to the process of using reinforcements to gradually achieve a target behavior. Start with a basic skill the client is capable of doing then increase from there.
What are cognitive behavioral techniques?
tools that influence behavior change by targeting how people think and feel about physical activity.
What are the techniques for cognitive behavioral techniques?
- Goal setting: SMART Goals
- Feedback: intrinsic of extrinsic
- Decision making: give client control over program participation
- Self-monitoring
What percent of people start a program and drop out in the first 6 months?
50% of people
What are the 3 categories for potential detriments for physical change?
Environmental
Personal
Physical Activity
What percent of the population meet aerobic activity and resistance goals?
20%
