Bioenergetics of Exercise and Fuel

Question 1

What is the immediate usable form of chemical energy needed for all cellular function?

Answer 1

ATP

Question 2

Fats that are not used are stored as what?

Answer 2

Adipose tissue

Question 3

Carbohydrates that are not used are stored as what?

Answer 3

Glycogen

Question 4

How do you get immediate energy from ATP

Answer 4

From breaking one of the phosphate bonds, that releases energy

Question 5

ATP resynthesis occurs most quickly in which system and most slowly in which system?

Answer 5

Quickest and most immediate in Phosphogen system
A little slower in Anearobic system
More slowly in Aerobic system

Question 6

What is the other high energy posphate?

Answer 6

CP- Creatine phosphate

Question 7

Production of ATP via anaerobic and aerobic glycolysis and beta oxidation involve which systems?

Answer 7

anaerobic: In cytoplasm, Glucose is broked down into STP or pyruvate which is turned in to lactate
Aerobic: If adequate O2 turnes to Acetyl CoA and enters the Krebs cycle to make ATP

Question 8

Anaerobic Glycolysis and Aerobic Glycolysis occurs where in each of them?

Answer 8

Anaerobic in Cytoplasm

Aerobic in Mitocondria

Question 9

What is the respiratory exchange ratio?

Answer 9

Carbon dioxide Produced/ Oxygen consumed

Question 10

Carbohydrates are stored as glycogen in what two areas?

Answer 10

Muscle and liver

Question 11

When exercising glycogen stores come from where?

Answer 11

In muscle tissue and blood glucose

Question 12

During low intensity exercise does blood or muscle glycogen play a larger role?

Answer 12

Blood glucose

Question 13

The first hour of exercuse where does the carbs that are metablized come from? After the first hour where?

Answer 13

First hour: Muscle Glycogen

After 1st hour: blood glucose

Question 14

During low intensity exercise what source of fat is the main energy?

Answer 14

Circulating FFA from adipocytes.

Question 15

At higher intensities what is the source of fat?

Answer 15

Muscle triglycerides

Question 16

At the beginning of exercise FFA and Muscle triglycerides are equal but as exercise continues which plays larger role?

Answer 16

Plasma FFA

Question 17

What is the fundamental difference between glucose gound in muscle vs glucose found in liver?

Answer 17

muscle glucose is trapped and canot be released.

Question 18

what happens to the glucose in exercising and non exercising muscles?

Answer 18

Glucose in non exercising muscles can be delivere to those exercising in glucose alanine pathway
In non exercising muscles glucuse is metabolized to pyruvate, which is changed to alanine and added to circulation.

Question 19

During high intensity workouts where there is inadequate oxygen Pyruvate convertsinto

Answer 19

Lactate

Question 20

Beta oxidation is a result of?

Answer 20

Beta oxidation, also called fatty acid oxidation, occurs within the mitochondria and is an aerobic pathway that breaks down fatty acids to produce ATP.

Question 21

Which nutrient is used in high intensity exercise?

Answer 21

Carbohydrate

Question 22

When lactic acid accumulates in the body during exercise, the liver converts it to _______________ as a way to continue fueling the muscle.

Answer 22

Glucose

Question 23

What macronutrient generates ATP anaerobically?

Answer 23

Carbohydrate

Question 24

Oxidative Glycolysis occurs because there is adequate what?

Answer 24

Oxygen

Question 25

Blood Glucose is efficient in fueling what?

Muscle glucose is efficient in fueling what?

Answer 25

Low intensity

High intensity

Question 26

When lactate acid accumulates in the body during exercise the body converts it to what?

Answer 26

Glucose

Question 27

The first half hour of a marathon is fueled by what? Blood or muscle glucose?

Answer 27

Muscle Glucose

Question 28

During low intensity exercise what is the primary source of Fat energy?

Answer 28

Plasma free fatty acids.