Bioenergetics of Exercise and Fuel Flashcards
What is the immediate usable form of chemical energy needed for all cellular function?
ATP
Fats that are not used are stored as what?
Adipose tissue
Carbohydrates that are not used are stored as what?
Glycogen
How do you get immediate energy from ATP
From breaking one of the phosphate bonds, that releases energy
ATP resynthesis occurs most quickly in which system and most slowly in which system?
Quickest and most immediate in Phosphogen system
A little slower in Anearobic system
More slowly in Aerobic system
What is the other high energy posphate?
CP- Creatine phosphate
Production of ATP via anaerobic and aerobic glycolysis and beta oxidation involve which systems?
anaerobic: In cytoplasm, Glucose is broked down into STP or pyruvate which is turned in to lactate
Aerobic: If adequate O2 turnes to Acetyl CoA and enters the Krebs cycle to make ATP
Anaerobic Glycolysis and Aerobic Glycolysis occurs where in each of them?
Anaerobic in Cytoplasm
Aerobic in Mitocondria
What is the respiratory exchange ratio?
Carbon dioxide Produced/ Oxygen consumed
Carbohydrates are stored as glycogen in what two areas?
Muscle and liver
When exercising glycogen stores come from where?
In muscle tissue and blood glucose
During low intensity exercise does blood or muscle glycogen play a larger role?
Blood glucose
The first hour of exercuse where does the carbs that are metablized come from? After the first hour where?
First hour: Muscle Glycogen
After 1st hour: blood glucose
During low intensity exercise what source of fat is the main energy?
Circulating FFA from adipocytes.
At higher intensities what is the source of fat?
Muscle triglycerides
At the beginning of exercise FFA and Muscle triglycerides are equal but as exercise continues which plays larger role?
Plasma FFA
What is the fundamental difference between glucose gound in muscle vs glucose found in liver?
muscle glucose is trapped and canot be released.
what happens to the glucose in exercising and non exercising muscles?
Glucose in non exercising muscles can be delivere to those exercising in glucose alanine pathway
In non exercising muscles glucuse is metabolized to pyruvate, which is changed to alanine and added to circulation.
During high intensity workouts where there is inadequate oxygen Pyruvate convertsinto
Lactate
Beta oxidation is a result of?
Beta oxidation, also called fatty acid oxidation, occurs within the mitochondria and is an aerobic pathway that breaks down fatty acids to produce ATP.
Which nutrient is used in high intensity exercise?
Carbohydrate
When lactic acid accumulates in the body during exercise, the liver converts it to _______________ as a way to continue fueling the muscle.
Glucose
What macronutrient generates ATP anaerobically?
Carbohydrate
Oxidative Glycolysis occurs because there is adequate what?
Oxygen
Blood Glucose is efficient in fueling what?
Muscle glucose is efficient in fueling what?
Low intensity
High intensity
When lactate acid accumulates in the body during exercise the body converts it to what?
Glucose
The first half hour of a marathon is fueled by what? Blood or muscle glucose?
Muscle Glucose
During low intensity exercise what is the primary source of Fat energy?
Plasma free fatty acids.
