Chapter 4 Flashcards
What is organic chemistry?
the study of organic compounds
How many bounds does a molecule have if it ends with “ane”?
single bond
How many bounds does a molecule have if it ends with “ene”?
double bond
What is a hydrocarbon?
organic molecules containing only carbon and hydrogen
What is an isomer?
compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures
What are valence electrons?
the outermost electrons
What are structural isomers?
isomers that differ in covalent partners
What are cis-trans isomers?
isomers that differ in their arrangement about a double bond
What are enantiomers?
differ in spatial arrangement around an asymmetric carbon, resulting in molecules that are mirrored images
T or F? usually only one enantiomer is biologically active.
T
What are functional groups?
chemical groups directly involved in chemical reactions
What is the molecular formula of a hydroxyl group?
-OH
What is the compound name of -OH
alchohol
What is the molecular formula of a carbonyl group?
> C=O
What is a carbonyl group at the end of a skeleton called?
aldehyde
What is a carbonyl group at the end of a skeleton called?
ketone
What is the molecular formula a carboxyl group?
-Cis the compound OH
What a the compound name os carboxyl?
organic acid
What is amino acid?
-NH2
What is the compound name of amino acid?
amine
What is the molecular formula a a sulfhydryl group?
-SH
What is a compound name of sulfhydryl group?
Thiol
What is the molecular formula of phosphate groups?
-OPO3 2-
What is the molecular formula methyl group?
-CH3
What is a compound name of methyl group?
methylated compound
What is ATP composed of?
3 phosphate groups
Adenosine
What is ADP composed of?
2 phosphate groups
Adenosine
