Chapter 15:

Question 1

What stage of meiosis is responsible for independent assortment?

Answer 1

metaphase I

Question 2

What stage of meiosis is responsible for segregation of alleles?

Answer 2

Anaphase I

Question 3

What is the phenotype most commonly observed for a character referred to as?

Answer 3

The wild type

Question 4

T or F? Any male receiving a recessive gene from his mother will have the trait?

Answer 4

T

Question 5

What is the term used for males instead of homozygous and heterozygous?

Answer 5

hemizygous

Question 6

What are two examples of X-linked recessive diseases given in the book?

Answer 6

Color blindness

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Question 7

What is a Barr body?

Answer 7

The inactive form of and X chromosome

Question 8

What is the gene activated on Barr body chromosomes?

Answer 8

XIST

Question 9

What are linked genes?

Answer 9

genes that due to their position on a chromosome tend to be inherited together

Question 10

What is genetic recombination?

Answer 10

the production of offspring with combinations of traits that differ from their parents

Question 11

Offspring that take on the characteristics of one of their parents are known as?

Answer 11

Parental types

Question 12

What is the physical basis of recombination between unlinked genes?

Answer 12

random orientation of homologous chromosomes at metaphase I of meiosis

Question 13

Offspring will only differ from the phenotypes of their parents in what occurs?

Answer 13

crossing over

Question 14

What is a genetic map?

Answer 14

An ordered list of genetic loci along a chromosomes

Question 15

What is a linkage map?

Answer 15

A genetic map based on recombinant frequencies

Question 16

What are map units?

Answer 16

1% recombinant frecuencias

Question 17

What is non disjunction?

Answer 17

When homologous pairs fails to move apart during meiosis I or sister chromatids fall to separate during meiosis II

Question 18

What are the results of non dis junction?

Answer 18

One game receives 2 chromosomes and one receives none

Question 19

When a zygote has an abnormal number of a particular chromosome the condition is known as what?

Answer 19

Aneuploidy

Question 20

When a cell is missing a chromosome (2n-1) it is known as

Answer 20

monosomic

Question 21

When a cell has an extra chromosome (2n + 1) it is known as

Answer 21

trisomic

Question 22

Down syndrome is a form of (monosomy/trisomy)?

Answer 22

trisomy

Question 23

What are the 4 types of changes that can occur in a chromosome structure?

Answer 23

deletion
duplication
inversion
translocation

Question 24

What is deletion?

Answer 24

chromosomal fragment lost

Question 25

What is duplication?

Answer 25

The “deleted” fragment attaches as an extra segment

Question 26

What is inversion?

Answer 26

The “deleted” fragment reverses orientation and reattaches

Question 27

What is translocation?

Answer 27

The “deleted” fragment joins a non homolog

Question 28

What in Klinefelter syndrome?

Answer 28

Male sex organs, but your testes are abnormally small, grow breasts, low IQ

Question 29

What is the chromosomal make up of Klinefelter syndrome?

Answer 29

XYY

Question 30

What happens in an XXX?

Answer 30

relatively normal, usually slightly taller

Question 31

What is Turner syndrome?

Answer 31

X0, women who are sterile

Question 32

What is genomic imprinting?

Answer 32

Variation in phenotype depending on whether the allele was revived from mom or dad

Question 33

T or F? All eukaryotic cells genes are located on nuclear chromosomes

Answer 33

F

Question 34

What are genes such as mitochandrial genes categorized as?

Answer 34

cytoplasmic genes