Chapter 4 Flashcards
involves identifying and taking action to resolve problems
Problem solving
add value to organizations through their intellectual capabilities
Knowledge Workers
is the ability to understand new technologies and to use them to their best advantage
Technological competency
is the ability to gather and use information to solve problems
information competency
is they ability to evaluate and analyze information to make actual decisions and solve real problems
analytical competency
is a situation where something is wrong ore likely to be wrong
performance threat
is a situation that offers teh possibility of a better future if the right steps are taken
performance opportunity
is a choice among possible alternative courses of actio
decision
applies a solution from past experience to a routine problem
programmed decision
applies a specific solution that has been crafted to address a unique problem
non-programmed decision
approaches problems in a rational and analytical fashion
systematic thinking
approaches problems in a flexible and spontaneous fashion
Intuitive thinking
is the way an individual deals with information while making decisions
cognitive stile
offers complete information on possible action alternatives and their consequences
certain environment
lacks complete information but offers probabilities of the likely outcomes for possible action alternatives
risk environment
lacks so much information that it is difficult to assign probabilities to the likely outcomes of alternatives
uncertain environment
begins with identification of a problem and ends with evaluation of implemented solutions
decision-making process
involves comparing the costs and benefits of each potential course of action
cost benefit analysis
describes decision making with complete information
classical decision model
chooses the alternative providing the absolute best solution to a problem
optimizing decision
describes decision making with limited information and bounded rationality
behavioral decision model
chooses the first satisfactory alternative that presents itself
satisfying decision
is failure to include the right people in the decision making process
Lack of participation error
highlight the risks of public disclosure of one’s actions
Spotlight Questions
is the generation of a novel idea or unique approach that solves a problem or crafts an opportunity
creativity
occurs when extraordinary things are done by exceptional people
Big C creativity
occurs when average people come up with unique ways to deal with daily events and situations
Little-C creativity
uses readily available information to assess a current situation
availability heuristic
assesses the likelihood of an occurrence using a stereotyped set of similar events
representativeness heuristic
adjusts a previously existing value or starting point to make a decision
anchoring and adjustment heuristic
is solving a problem in the context percived
framing error
is when we attend only to information that confirms a decision already made
confirmation error
is the continuation of a course of action even though it is not working
Escalating commitment
is a unexpected problem that can lead to disaster if not resolved quickly and appropriately
crisis
