Chapter 2

Question 1

emphasizes careful selection and training of workers and supervisory support

Answer 1

scientific management

Question 2

is the science of reducing job or task to its basic physical motions

Answer 2

motion study

Question 3

is a rational and efficient form of organization founded on logic order and legitimate authority

Answer 3

bureaucracy

Question 4

states that organizations should operate with clear and unbroken lines of communication top to bottom

Answer 4

scalar chain principle

Question 5

states that a worker should receive orders form only one boss

Answer 5

unity of command principle

Question 6

is the tendency of persons singled out for special attention to perform as expeceted

Answer 6

Hawthorne effect

Question 7

is a physiological or psychological deficiency that a person wants to satisfy

Answer 7

need

Question 8

is that a need at any level becomes activated only after the next lower level need has been satisfied

Answer 8

progression principle

Question 9

is that people act to satisfy needs for which a satisfaction deficit exists a satisfied need doesn’t motivate behavior

Answer 9

deficit principle

Question 10

assumes people dislike work lack ambition are irresponsible and prefer to be led

Answer 10

theory x

Question 11

assumes people are willing to work accept responsibility and are self-directed and are creative

Answer 11

theory y

Question 12

occurs when a person acts in ways that confirm another expectations

Answer 12

self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 13

is the systematic use and analysis of data to solve problems and make informed decisions

Answer 13

analytics

Question 14

apply mathematical techniques to solve management problems

Answer 14

management science and operations research

Question 15

is the study of how organizations produce goods and services

Answer 15

operations management

Question 16

transforms resource inputs from the environment intro product outputs

Answer 16

open system

Question 17

is a smaller component of a larger system

Answer 17

subsystem

Question 18

tries to match management practices with situational demands

Answer 18

contingency thinking

Question 19

is managing with an organization wide commitment to continuous improvement product quality and customer needs

Answer 19

total quality management

Question 20

involves always searching for new ways to improve work quality an performance

Answer 20

continuous improvement

Question 21

involves making decisions based on hard facts about what really works

Answer 21

evidence-based management