Chapter 4 Flashcards
Frontal lobe
Personality, emotions, motor behaviors, planning, and decision making
Cortex
A thin layer of cells that cover the entire surface of the fore brain
Large surface area
Location of majority of neurons
Parietal lobes
Perception and sensory experiences
Occipital lobe
Involved with processing visual information
Temporal lobe
Involved with hearing and speaking
Anencephaly
Condition of being born with little or no brain
Phineas Gage
13 pound rod went through his frontal lobe causing him to have personality defects
Frontal lobotomy
A surgical procedure in which 1/3 of frontal lobe was cut apart from the rest of the brain
Right motor cortex controls
Left side of body
Location of motor cortex
Back of frontal lobe
Motor cortex
Initiation of voluntary movements
Motor homunculus
A drawing which uses sizes of body parts to show the ability to preform a complex action
Brain damage to frontal lobe could result in
Emotional swings or disruptions in personality
Frontal lobe is involved in what type of memory
Intentionally forgetting
Frontal lobe is said to have an executive function because
It functions like an executive by organizing, planning, and paying attention like an executive at a large company
Location of parietal lobe
Directly behind frontal lobe
Functions of parietal lobe
Processing sensory info from body parts, which includes touching, locating positions of limbs, and feeling temperature and pain, attends to and perceives objects
Somatosensory cortex location
Located in the front edge of the parietal lobe and extends down its side
Somatosensory cortex
Processes sensory information about touch, location of limbs, pain and temperature
The right somatosensory cortex receives info from
The left side of the body (and vice versa)
Sensory homunculus
Shows the sensitivity of each body part by showing its size in comparison to other parts
Parietal lobe is also involved in
Language skills such as writing or speaking a second language and visual and auditory attention
Temporal lobe is located
Directly below the parietal lobe
Temporal lobes main functions
Hearing, speaking coherently, and understanding verbal and written material
Primary auditory cortex
Receives electric signals from receptors in ears and transforms these signaled into meaningless sound sensation such as vowels and consonants
Auditory association area
Transforms basic sensory info into recognizable auditory information such as words or music
Broca’s area
Located in left frontal lobe;
Combines sounds into words into meaningful sentences
Broca’s aphasia
A person can not speak in fluent sentences but can understand written and spoken words
Wernicke’s area
- located in left temporal lobe
- necessary for speaking in coherent sentences
- necessary for understanding speech
Damage to this area results in Wernickes aphasia which is
A difficulty in understanding spoken or written word and a difficulty pitting words into meaningful sentences
Occipital lobe location
Very back of the brain
Occipital lobe functions
Processing visual info which includes seeing colors and perceiving and recognizing objects, animals, and people
Primary visual cortex function
Received electrical signals receptors in the eyes and transforms these signals into meaningless basic visual sensations such as lights, lines, shadows, and colors and textures
Visual association area
Transforms basic sensations such as lights and lines and shadows into complete meaningful visual perceptions such as people objects or animals
Visual agnosia
Individual fails to recognize some object person or color, yet has the ability to see even describe pieces or parts of some visual stimuli
Neglect syndrome
Failure to see or recognize objects or parts of the body on the side opposite of the brain damage
