Chapter 17&18 Flashcards
Phallic Stage
Freud
Stage 3
Age 3-6years
Pleasure seeking is centered around genitals
Compete with parent of same sex for affections of parent of opposite sex
Freuds
Oral stage
Age: 0-18 months
1st Freud stage
Pleasure seeking around mouth
Fixation in phallic stage may cause
Inferiority for women
Having something to prove for men
Genital stage
Freud
Age puberty to adult
Individual has renewed sexual desires and the person seeks to fulfill relationships with opposite sex
Anal stage
Freud
Stage 2
Age 1.5-3 years
Pleasure is centered on anus and it’s function of elimination
Fixation in anal stage
Retention-may be neat, stingy, or rigid
Elimination-too generous or messy
Latency stage
Freud
Stage 4
Age 6-12(puberty)
Child represses sexual thoughts and engages in non sexual activities like making friends
Concrete operations
Piaget
Age 7-11
Stage 3
-understand conservation, some trouble with abstract ideas, classification ability improves
Preoperational
Piaget- stage 2
Age 2-7
-egocentric thinking, no conservation, uses symbols like words and images to solve problems
Formal operations
Piaget- stage 4
Age 11 and up
Understands abstract ideas and hypothetical situations, capable of logic and reasoning
Sensorimotor
Piaget - stage 1
Age birth to 2
- simple motor responses to sensory stimuli
-no object permanence
Piaget’s key ideas
- Children learn gradually step by step
- Children are naturally curious
- Children develop thinking abilities as they go through different stages of cognitive development
Intimacy v. Isolation
Erikson stage 6
Age: young adult
-find intimacy by developing loving and meaningful relationships
Initiative v. Guilt
Erikson stage 3
Age: 3-6
-parents will either encourage (positive effect on child) or discourage being initiative=planning
Trust v Mistrust
Erikson stage 1
Age: infancy
-is my world supportive
Ego integrity v despair
Erikson stage 8
Old adult
“Have I lived a full life”
Content with how you’ve lived v regret with life
Identity v role confusion
Erikson stage 5
Age: early teens
-teens must leave childhood behind and become better at being responsible
Industry v inferiority
Erikson stage 4
Age: 6-12
-child must apply themselves in school–industry
-if child doesn’t apply themselves they will feel incompetent and inferior
Generativity v stagnation
Erikson stage 7
Middle adult
-achieve generativity by raising children and helping next generation
-not being involved=stagnation
Autonomy v shame/doubt
Erikson stage 2
Age:1-3
-battle of wills between parents’ wishes and child’s desires
-parents will either encourage independence or not
Social role theory
Emphasizes that gender roles are caused by how parents reward children and which behaviors they reward
Cognitive development theory
Child develops a gender schematic which is how they get gender roles as new info enters schema
Preconventional level
Kohlberg level 1
Moral decisions based on fear of punishment (stage 1)
Moral decisions based on immediate family or consequences (stage 2)
Conventional
(Social approval)
Intermediate level-kohlberg
Conforming to others standards (stage 3)
Moral reasoning is determined by confirming to laws and standards (stage 4)
Post conventional
(Abstract ideas)
- moral decisions are made after carefully thinking about all the alternatives and striking a balance between human rights and laws of society-stage 5
- stage 6 has been omitted because few have reached it
