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AP PSYCHOLOGY > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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0
Q

Neuron

A

Brain cell for transmitting signals

There are 100 billion in the brain

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1
Q

What are glial cells

A

Support cells in the brain

There are about 900 billion in the brain

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2
Q

What two regions can regrow neurons

A

Hippocampus and olfactory bulb

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3
Q

How does Francis crick feel about the mind-body question?

A

You are just a hunch of cells

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4
Q

How does roger sperry feel about the mind body question

A

Two sides coin one side does scientifically functions and the other is emotions and thinking etc

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5
Q

Cell body

A

A relatively large egg shaped structures that provides fuel

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6
Q

Dendrites

A

Branchlike extensions

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7
Q

Axon

A

A single threadlike structure that extends from and carries signals away from the cell body to neighboring neurons, muscles, and organs

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8
Q

Myelin sheath

A

Looks like separate tubelike segments, prevents interference from electrical signals generates in adjacent axons

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9
Q

End bulbs

A

Located at the extreme end if the axons branches, stores neurotransmitter

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10
Q

Synapse

A

Small space between and end bulb and its adjacent body organ

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11
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Nerves that are located throughout the body

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12
Q

Central nervous system

A

Spinal cord and brain nerves

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13
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Disease that attacks the myelin sheaths

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14
Q

Is sodium positive or negative

A

Positive

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15
Q

Potassium-positive or negative

A

Positive

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16
Q

Protein-positive or negative

A

Negative

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17
Q

Ions

A

Chemical particles with eclectic charges

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18
Q

Nerve impulse

A

Refers to the series of separate action potentials that take place segment by segment as they move down the length of an axon

19
Q

All or none law

A

Says that I’d an actin potential starts at the beginning of an axon the action potential will continue at the same speed to the very end of the axon

20
Q

Resting state

A

Means that the axon has a charge or potential

21
Q

Sodium pump

A

A transport process that picks up sodium ions that enter the axons chemical gates and returns them back outside.
Responsible for keeping axon charged

22
Q

In resting state is the cell positive or negative

A

Negative

23
Q

Action potential

A

A tiny electric current that is generated when the positive sodium ions rush inside the cell

24
Q

Transmitter

A

A chemical messenger that carries information between nerves

25
Q

Excitatory transmitters

A

Open chemical locks

26
Q

Inhibitory transmitters

A

Block chemical locks

27
Q

Alcohol acts like

A

GABA

28
Q

Endorphins

A
  • painkiller

- similar to morphine

29
Q

Anandamide

A
  • similar to THC aka marijuana

- helps regulate emotions

30
Q

Nitric oxcide

A

Aggression

31
Q

Reflex

A

An unlearned involuntary reaction to a stimulous

32
Q

Afferent neurons

A

Sensory

33
Q

Efferent neurons

A

Motor

34
Q

Inter neuron

A

Makes connections between neurons

35
Q

Reuptake

A

A process through which some neurotransmitters such as dopamine are removed from the synapse by being transported back into the end bulbs

36
Q

Cocaine affects the reuptake of

A

Dopamine

37
Q

Curare

A

Causes Paralysis because it blocks the neurotransmitter acetylcholine

38
Q

Mescaline

A

Drug that causes hallucinations

Similar to norepinephrine

39
Q

Autonomic

A

Involuntary muscles

40
Q

Somatic

A

Voluntary muscles

41
Q

Sympathetic

A

Expends energy
Prepares for emergencies & strenuous activities
Speeds up the heart
Increase blood pressure

42
Q

Parasympathetic

A

Conserves energy

Helps body recover after activity

43
Q

Chemical gates

A

Aka nodes of ranvier

Allow for the exchange of ions

44
Q

GABA

A

A major inhibitory neurotransmitter

Under supply linked to seizures tremors and insomnia

AP PSYCHOLOGY (23 decks)

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