Chapter 3B Flashcards
What is the endomembrane system
system of interconnected organelles
what organelles are part of the endomembrane system
nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Gogi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisome, vacuoles. and cell membrane
what is the function of the nucleus
storage site.
how many membranes make up the nuclear envelope?
2
what are nuclear pores
pores that allow things in and out of the nucleus
what is nucleoplasm
the fluid in the nucleus
what is the nucleolus
stores rna
what is the nuclear envelope
the 2 membranes bounding a cells nucleus
what is chromatin
everything that you find in the nucleus
what are chromosomes
a piece of dna
what is the endoplasmic reticulum
another organelle can be rough and smooth
what are ribosomes
cite of protein synthesis
what are free ribosomes
not attached to anything in rough ER
what are bound ribosomes
attached to something in rough er
Two functions of smooth ER
- makes lipids
- detoxification
two functions of rough ER
- makes proteins
- storage of proteins
what are 3 functions of the golgi apparatus
- receives material from other parts of the cell
- ships
- modifies
what are lysosomes
hold digestive enzymes to break things down
what are vacuoles
a vesicle that is involved in storage and breaking down materials
what are peroxisomes
where hydrogen peroxides are broken down
what are mitochondria
another organelle, responsible for making ATP.
what reaction occurs in the mitochondria
cellular respiration
what energy carrier is synthesized as a response to cellular respiration
ATP
How many internal components does mitochondria have
2
what is the mitochondrial matrix
the middle chamber
what are the cristae
the folds in the mitchondria
what are chloroplasts
the organelle responsible for photosynthesis
what energy rich biomolecule is synthesized as a result of photo synthesis
sugars(C6 H12 O6)
What reaction occurs in chloroplasts
photosynthesis
How many membrane layers does chloroplast have
3 with 2 outer membranes
what are the stroma
the fluid within chloroplast
what are the granum
a stack of thylakoids
what is the thylakoid membrane
a membrane system folded into flattened sacs
what is the cytoskeleton
provides shape and structure
what is 1 function of microtubules
movement
what is 1 function of intermediate filaments
anchorage of organelles
what is one function of microfilaments
maintenance of cell shape
What are actin
the building blocks are microfilaments
what are tubulin
building blocks of microtubules
what are motor proteins
carries chromosomes and organelles
what are cilia and flagella
projection of eukaryotic cells
Cilia : short and numerous
flagella: long and less numerous
what is the 9+2 pattern
The arrangement of microtubules in cilia and flagella
what is the primary function of tight junctions
seal the spaces between animal cells by fusing the cell membrane
what is the primary function of anchoring junctions
connect adjacent animal cell membranes in one spot
what is the primary function of gap junctions
form channels between animal cells
what is the primary function of plasmodesmata
the holes in a cell wall in a plant cell
