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bio > Chapter 3B > Flashcards

Chapter 3B Flashcards

1
Q

What is the endomembrane system

A

system of interconnected organelles

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2
Q

what organelles are part of the endomembrane system

A

nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Gogi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisome, vacuoles. and cell membrane

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3
Q

what is the function of the nucleus

A

storage site.

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4
Q

how many membranes make up the nuclear envelope?

A

2

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5
Q

what are nuclear pores

A

pores that allow things in and out of the nucleus

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6
Q

what is nucleoplasm

A

the fluid in the nucleus

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7
Q

what is the nucleolus

A

stores rna

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8
Q

what is the nuclear envelope

A

the 2 membranes bounding a cells nucleus

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9
Q

what is chromatin

A

everything that you find in the nucleus

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10
Q

what are chromosomes

A

a piece of dna

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11
Q

what is the endoplasmic reticulum

A

another organelle can be rough and smooth

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12
Q

what are ribosomes

A

cite of protein synthesis

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13
Q

what are free ribosomes

A

not attached to anything in rough ER

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14
Q

what are bound ribosomes

A

attached to something in rough er

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15
Q

Two functions of smooth ER

A
  1. makes lipids
  2. detoxification
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16
Q

two functions of rough ER

A
  1. makes proteins
  2. storage of proteins
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17
Q

what are 3 functions of the golgi apparatus

A
  1. receives material from other parts of the cell
  2. ships
  3. modifies
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18
Q

what are lysosomes

A

hold digestive enzymes to break things down

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19
Q

what are vacuoles

A

a vesicle that is involved in storage and breaking down materials

20
Q

what are peroxisomes

A

where hydrogen peroxides are broken down

21
Q

what are mitochondria

A

another organelle, responsible for making ATP.

22
Q

what reaction occurs in the mitochondria

A

cellular respiration

23
Q

what energy carrier is synthesized as a response to cellular respiration

A

ATP

24
Q

How many internal components does mitochondria have

A

2

25
Q

what is the mitochondrial matrix

A

the middle chamber

26
Q

what are the cristae

A

the folds in the mitchondria

27
Q

what are chloroplasts

A

the organelle responsible for photosynthesis

28
Q

what energy rich biomolecule is synthesized as a result of photo synthesis

A

sugars(C6 H12 O6)

29
Q

What reaction occurs in chloroplasts

A

photosynthesis

30
Q

How many membrane layers does chloroplast have

A

3 with 2 outer membranes

31
Q

what are the stroma

A

the fluid within chloroplast

32
Q

what are the granum

A

a stack of thylakoids

33
Q

what is the thylakoid membrane

A

a membrane system folded into flattened sacs

34
Q

what is the cytoskeleton

A

provides shape and structure

35
Q

what is 1 function of microtubules

A

movement

36
Q

what is 1 function of intermediate filaments

A

anchorage of organelles

37
Q

what is one function of microfilaments

A

maintenance of cell shape

38
Q

What are actin

A

the building blocks are microfilaments

39
Q

what are tubulin

A

building blocks of microtubules

40
Q

what are motor proteins

A

carries chromosomes and organelles

41
Q

what are cilia and flagella

A

projection of eukaryotic cells
Cilia : short and numerous
flagella: long and less numerous

42
Q

what is the 9+2 pattern

A

The arrangement of microtubules in cilia and flagella

43
Q

what is the primary function of tight junctions

A

seal the spaces between animal cells by fusing the cell membrane

44
Q

what is the primary function of anchoring junctions

A

connect adjacent animal cell membranes in one spot

45
Q

what is the primary function of gap junctions

A

form channels between animal cells

46
Q

what is the primary function of plasmodesmata

A

the holes in a cell wall in a plant cell

bio (13 decks)

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