Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is Biology
The study of life
What are the five qualities that constitute life?
- Growth, Evolution, and development
- Reproduction
- Organization
- Maintenance of internal constancy
- Energy use
What is growth?
A quantitative size or number.
What is development?
A change that has nothing to do with size
What is Evolution?
Change over time.
What are the 12 levels of life’s organizational hierarchy?
- Atom
- Molecule
- organelle
- cell
- tissue
- organ
- organ system
- organism
- population
- community
- ecosystem
- biosphere
What are emergent properties?
A new property that arises as you move through the hierarchy.
What are primary producers? (autotrophs)
They make their own food and energy
What are consumers? (Heterotrophs)
They get their energy by eating other things.
What is a decomposer?
A consumer that specializes in breaking down decaying matter.
What is Homeostasis?
Maintaining equilibrium. (or the same state)
What is asexual reproduction?
A form of reproduction when one organism is involved.
what is sexual reproduction
A form of reproduction when two organisms are involved
what are adaptations?
A trader characteristic that provides an advantage for an organism.
What is natural selection?
Nature picking out the best individuals. (mechanism of evolution)
What of the three branches of the tree of life? (Also know as the 3 domains)
1) bacteria
2) archaea
3) Eukarya
Characteristics of Bacteria
No nucleus and most are unicellular
Characteristics of Archaea
No nucleus and most are unicellular
Characteristic of Eukarya
Contains nucleus and cam be multi or single cell
What are the 4 main groups of Eukarya?
- Protista
- Fungi
- Animalia
- plantae
Characteristics of Protista
Single or multicellular, Autotroph or heterotroph
Characteristics of fungi
single or multicellular, heterotrophs
Characteristics of animalia
Multicellular, heterotrophs
characteristics of plantae
Multicellular, autotrophs
What is Taxonomy
The science of naming and organizing species
What are Taxa
Any category/group
what is a species?
an alike individual that can breed and their offspring could breed
What is the taxonomic hierarchy?
- Domain
- kingdom
- Phylum
- class
- order
- family
- genus
- species
how are genus and species written
they must be italicized with genus capital and species lowercase.
What is science?
The collection of information about the natural world
What are the 4 main steps of scientific inquiry
- Observations and ask questions
- hypothesis and prediction
- data collection
- analysis
What are theories?
An idea that has been tested over and over again and has gained worldwide acceptance.
