chapter 38 part 4 Flashcards
a protein that is normally not detected in the blood of a healthy person; when detected it indicates that cancer is present
carcinoembryonic antigen / cea
cea means
carcinoembronic antigen
a type of tumor marker; a protein that exists on the surface of certain cells and is shed by tumor cells
CA/cancer antigen 19-9
tumor marker for pancreatic cancer
CA 19-9
a substance that can indicate the presence of cancer or how a cancer is behaving
tumor markers
most commonly performed stool tests
GUAIAC-BASED FECAL OCCULT BLOOD TESTING / gFOBT
can detect blood in the stool and is more specific to finding blood from further up the digestive tract
GUAIAC-BASED FECAL OCCULT BLOOD TESTING / gFOBT
GUAIAC-BASED FECAL OCCULT BLOOD TESTING / gFOBT should not be performed when there is ____
hemorrhoidal bleeding
developed to evaluate carbohydrate absorption, in addition to aiding in the diagnosis of bacterial overgrowth in the intestine and short-bowel syndrome
hydrogen breath test
determines the amount of hydrogen expelled in the breath
hydrogen breath test
detect the presence of Helicobacter pylori
urea breath test
the bacteria that can LIVE IN the mucosal lining of the STOMACH and cause peptic ulcer disease
helicobacter pylori
a noninvasive diagnostic technique in which HIGH FREQUENCY SOUND WAVES are passed into internal body structures
UTZ/ULTRASONOGRAPHY
useful in the detection of an enlarged gallbladder or pancreas, the presence of gallstones, an enlarged ovary, an ectopic pregnancy, or appendicitis
UTZ/ULTRASONOGRAPHY
specialized enteroscopic procedure that aids in the diagnosis of GI disorders by PROVIDING DIRECT IMAGING OF A TARGET AREA
ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY
xray and contrast studies are called
imaging studies
DELINEATES the entire GI tract after the introduction of a contrast agent
upper gi fluoroscopy
what is the contrast/agent fluid used in the upper gi fluoroscopy
barium sulfate
a very detailed, DOUBLE CONTRAST STUDY of the entire SMALL INTESTINE that involves the continuous infusion
ENTEROCLYSIS
used to detect the presence of polyps, tumors, or other lesions of the large intestine and demonstrate any anatomic abnormalities or malfunctioning of the bowel
barium enema
provides cross-sectional images of abdominal organs and structures
computed tomography scan
noninvasive technique uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce images of the area being studied
magnetic resonance imaging
relies on the use of radioactive isotopes (technetium, iodine, indium) to reveal displaced anatomic structures, changes in organ size, and the presence of neoplasms
scintigraphy
permits direct visualization of the organs and structures within the abdomen,
laparoscopy
used to detect motility disorders of the esophagus and the upper and lower esophageal sphincter
esophageal manometry
ditect visualization of the bowel
colonoscopy
