chapter 38 part 3 Flashcards
Common GI symptoms:
pain
dyspepsia
nausea and vomiting
diarrhea
constipation
major symptom of GI disease
pain
called indigestion
dyspepsia
upper abdominal discomfort associated with eating
dyspepsia
the most common symptom of patients with GI dysfunction
dyspepsia
imprecise term that refers to a host of upper abdominal or epigastric symptoms such as pain, discomfort, fullness, bloating, early satiety, belching, heartburn, or regurgitation.
dyspepsia
the food that causes the most discomfort to dyspepsia
fatty foods
expulsion of gas from the stomach through the mouth
belching
expulsion of gas from the rectum
flatulence
a vague, uncomfortable sensation of sickness or “queasiness”
nausea
forceful emptying of the stomach and intestinal contents through the mouth
vomiting
acute onset of emesis that appears bright red or as coffee grounds
mallory-weiss tear
an abnormal increase in the frequency and liquidity of the stool or in daily stool weight or volume
diarrhea
a decrease in the frequency of stool, or stools that are hard, dry, and of smaller volume than typical
constipation
hypoglossal nerve
12th
vagus nerve
10th
the use of an imaginary line drawn vertically from the sternum to the pubis through the umbilicus and a horizontal line drawn across the abdomen through the umbilicus
four quadrant method
notes skin changes, nodules, lesions, scarring, discolorations, inflammation, bruising, or striae
inspection
determine the character, location, and frequency of bowel sounds and to identify vascular sounds
auscultation
what part of stet: to assess bowel sounds
diaphragm
what part of stet: to assess bruits in the aortic, renal, iliac, and femoral arteries
bell
assess the size and density of the abdominal organs and to detect the presence of air-filled, fluid-filled, or solid masses
percussion
sound that results from the presence of air in the stomach and small intestines
tympani
heard over organs and solid masses
dullness
used to identify areas of tenderness or muscular resistance; mass
palpation
performed with a gloved lubricated index finger inserted into the anal canal while the patient bears down
internal examination
digestive enzymes that aids in digesting protein
trypsin
digestive enzymes that aids in digesting starch
amylase
digestive enzymes that aids in digesting fat
lipase
the main blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the abdomen, pelvis, and legs
abdominal aorta
the process of taking food, drink, or another substance into the body by swallowing or absorbing it
ingestion
a dull ache that stems from the internal organs
visceral pain
ribbon-like stools that occurs when part of the large intestine lacks the nerves that signal the muscles to contract:
hirchsprung disease
what is the coverage of gastroscopy
stomach to duodenum
what is the coverage of colonoscopy
rectum to ascending colon
what is the coverage of sigmoidoscopy
rectum to sigmoid colon
