Chapter 37

Question 1

Watergate, CREEP

Answer 1

Watergate-the Democratic Party’s Headquarters was broken into as a group of men were arrested and later to be found working for CREEP-Committee to Re-Elect the President as a money trail to defend the men was discovered paying them for their defense and loyalty

Question 2

Saturday Night Massacre

Answer 2

Nixon hired a special prosecutor to investigate Watergate named Archibald Cox. Nixon was upset Cox was intensely investigating the scandal, so Nixon ordered the Attorney General to fire Cox, but refused along with several others who resigned before Cox was fired

Question 3

John Dean III

Answer 3

White House lawyer during the Nixon administration testified against Nixon which exposed the secret of Nixon’s tape recorded conversations about Watergate

Question 4

executive privilege

Answer 4

When Nixon originally refused to give Congress the Watergate Tapes Nixon claimed they were for the President’s eyes only and based on National Security. Eventually the Supreme Court said he must give them up. The tapes(13 missing minutes) showed there was limited evidence Nixon was a part of the break-in, but definitely knew of the cover-up

Question 5

25th Amendment

Answer 5

Creates a presidential succession if the President becomes incapacitated

Question 6

Gerald Ford

Answer 6

Nixon’s VP who became the first unelected President (since he was not on the original ticket when Nixon won). Allegedly pardoned Nixon in the “buddy deal” where Nixon made in VP and soon to be President in exchange for a pardon. Established the Helsinki Accords protecting Human Rights

Question 7

Helsinki Accords

Answer 7

Guaranteed basic human rights(especially in Eastern Europe) during Ford’s Administration

Question 8

Title IX

Answer 8

prohibited gender discrimination & guaranteed equal funding for both male and female activities (mostly sports).**improvement in women’s rights

Question 9

ERA

Answer 9

failed proposal called the Equal Rights Amendment- which ban discrimination based on gender. Phyllis Schlafly got the states to not ratify this Amendment

Question 10

Phyllis Schlafly

Answer 10

woman against the Equal Rights Amendment because she felt women should stay at home and take care of the family

Question 11

Roe v. Wade

Answer 11

legalized abortion **highly controversial even to this day

Question 12

Bakke case

Answer 12

-sued for reverse discrimination when Alan Bakke was not allowed to attend Medical School at University of California. **ruling: colleges and universities can use race as a factory in admissions, but not the sole factor

Question 13

Jimmy Carter

Answer 13

Presidential Candidate who promised to never lie to the American people after the Watergate scandal. President during an energy crisis, Iran Hostage Crisis. He was best known for striking peace deals between Middle Eastern countries

Question 14

Thurgood Marshall

Answer 14

lawyer for the NAACP who became the first African American Supreme Court Justice

Question 15

Camp David Agreement

Answer 15

The Camp David Accords were the peace accords signed by Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat to finally end the Israeli-Egyptian disputes. The achievement by Carter is considered his greatest achievement in office

Question 16

Mohammed Reza Pahlevi (the Shah)

Answer 16

When Ike was President the CIA engineered an overthrow of the conservative regime and helped the pro-U.S.(Western) Shah come to power. *oil to U.S

Question 17

Ayatollah Khomeini

Answer 17

Came to power in Iran after the Iranian Revolution and replaced the Shah. Established the “old ways of the Middle East”

Question 18

energy crisis

Answer 18

The U.S. became nearly addicted to the use of Middle Eastern oil and since the U.S. supported Israel against several Middle Eastern Countries OPEC limited production and caused a shortage in the U.S. as retaliation

Question 19

Leonid Brezhnev

Answer 19

leader of the Soviet Union who signed SALT II which Jimmy Carter which reduced weapons between the two countries. Helped ease tensions

Question 20

SALT II

Answer 20

Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty- reduction of weapons between the U.S. (Carter) and U.S.S.R. (Brezhnev)—helped lower tensions during the Cold War

Question 21

Iranian Hostage Crisis

Answer 21

during the Iranian Revolution 52 Americans working for U.S. Embassy in Tehran, Iran who held hostage for 444 days until Reagan’s inauguration. Jimmy Carter sent in special forces to rescue the hostages, but it turned into a disaster

Question 22

Ronald Reagan, Reaganomics, supply side economics

Answer 22

Reagan was a part of the conservative movement that was a reaction to the liberal New Deal & Great Society programs. Reagan believed in giving tax breaks to the wealthy in hopes the wealthy would create job growth within their businesses and the wealth would trickle down to everyone, but this actually caused a recession due to the wealthy using the extra money on themselves