Chapter 30

Question 1

A Mitchell Palmer, red scare

Answer 1

following a series of bombings by anarchists in the United States the U.S. Attorney General Palmer targeted, rounded up, imprisoned, and deported Communists during the Red Scare of fear of a communist takeover. Since the Bolsehvik Revolution in Russia was a communist takeover it was feared a similar scenario would occur in the U.S.

Question 2

Al Capone, St Valentine’s Day Massacre

Answer 2

most famous gangster in the U.S. based in Chicago made millions of illegal alcohol sales during prohibition. When a rival gang infringed upon his territory he had his gang dress up like police officers and take out the rival gang in a surprise attack. Capone never got in trouble for murder or any crime of alcohol, but he did get sent to prison for tax evasion

Question 3

John Scopes

Answer 3

biology teacher from Tennessee who illegally taught evolution. He was found guilty in the trial of the century, but it was reduced to a misdemeanor and a small fine.

Question 4

William Jennings Bryan

Answer 4

former politician who prosecuted Scopes in the Scopes Trial aka the Monkey Trial, he was a pro-creationist who defended the Bible, won the case, and died five days later

Question 5

Clarence Darrow

Answer 5

defense attorney representing Scopes who was a brilliant attorney and pro-evolutionist

Question 6

Andrew Mellon

Answer 6

Sec. of Treasury who gave big tax breaks to the wealthy and corporations which helped fuel the roaring twenties, but also led to the Great Depression

Question 7

Charles Lindbergh

Answer 7

first to fly solo, non-stop across the Atlantic from New York to Paris in his plane the Spirit of St. Louis. He became not only an American hero but recognized throughout the world. His child was kidnapped held for ransom, and found dead. This led to Lindbergh laws- making it more severe to kidnap across state lines

Question 8

Margaret Sanger

Answer 8

leader of the birth control movement which was highly scandalous during this time

Question 9

F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby

Answer 9

author of an American classic representing the roaring twenties, the Jazz Age, and the flappers

Question 10

Ernest Hemingway

Answer 10

wrote several books including the Lost Generation about the psychological devastation the WWI generation faced

Question 11

William Faulkner

Answer 11

author who created a new method of writing using a character’s thoughts known as stream of consciousness

Question 12

Nativist

Answer 12

people in favor of native born citizens that were WASPS, or white anglo saxon protestants. Anti everyone else including immigrants, Catholics, African Americans, and several other groups

Question 13

Sacco & Vanzetti

Answer 13

two Italian immigrants(anarchists) accused of murder and theft. They were both found guilt, appealed and lost under several protests, and executed. This was a significant case because there was not much evidence and many believe they were found guilt because of their race and the nativist/Red Scare attitude during this time.

Question 14

Volstead Act

Answer 14

act that allowed the Treasury department investigate illegal alcohol sales during prohibition. This was loosely enforced because many drank alcohol, also it was easy to bribe law enforcement

Question 15

Fundamentalists

Answer 15

people that do not want change and believe in pro-creationism like W.J. Bryan.

Question 16

United Negro Improvement Association, Marcus Garvey

Answer 16

leader of this organization during the Harlem Renaissance that promoted black pride and led to the Nation of Islam. Garvey believed in the Back to Africa Movement, but was later deported because of tax evasion.

Question 17

Emergency Quota Act

Answer 17

act designed to limit new immigrants from coming to the U.S. It was based on a 1910 census and allowed only 3% of a certain ethnic group into the country

Question 18

Immigration Act of 1924

Answer 18

Congress decided the Emergency Quota Act was not strict enough so that decreased to 2% of an ethnic group and went by an older census from 1890 which reduced the new immigrants from entering the U.S. even more

Question 19

18th Amendment

Answer 19

prohibition or illegal sales of alcohol

Question 20

Harlem Renaissance

Answer 20

outpouring of African American culture especially in New York neighborhoods like Harlem. Led by Langston Hughes-voice and author or the Harlem Renaissance, Louis Armstrong-inventor of Jazz, Bessie Smith- Empress of the Blues

Question 21

Warren G. Harding

Answer 21

originally ran under the slogan “ A Return to Normalcy” or pre-WWI times, he was a Republican from Ohio who believed in Laissez Faire or hands off government approach

Question 22

Charles Evans Hughes

Answer 22

Sec. of State under Harding who was a great Cabinet member.

Question 23

Andrew Mellon

Answer 23

Sec. of Treasury under Harding who was also a very good cabinet member. His tax policies of lowering the rates for the wealthy and corporations helped fuel the roaring twenties economy, but also contributed to the Great Depression.

Question 24

Herbert Hoover

Answer 24

Sec. of Commerce under Harding- excellent Cabinet member who will be well prepared to be President of the U.S. during the Great Depression, but will be a one term President

Question 25

Albert Fall, Teapot Dome

Answer 25

first Cabinet member to go to prison for accepting a bribe and illegally leasing Naval oil reserves in Teapot Dome Wyoming and parts of California to be used for emergencies only. One of Harding’s Ohio Gang members that turned out to be corrupt.

Question 26

Harry Daugherty

Answer 26

Harding’s Attorney General who illegally sold patents and liquor permits and was also a member of the Ohio Gang-corrupt Cabinet member

Question 27

Charles Forbes

Answer 27

Head of the Veterans Bureau for Harding and stole over $200 million by buying overcharged medical supplies and splitting the excess profits with his contractors

Question 28

Robert LaFollette

Answer 28

Progressive Governor and Senator from Wisconsin who ran for President and lost

Question 29

Alfred Smith

Answer 29

Democrat who ran against Hoover and lost because he was Catholic during the height of Nativist activities and drank during prohibition

Question 30

Ohio Gang

Answer 30

corrupt members of Harding’s Cabinet who were his poker playing buddies

Question 31

Washington Conference

Answer 31

attempt to reduce armaments during a period of isolation.

Question 32

Kellogg Briand Pact

Answer 32

outlawed war as an offensive means and attempted to reduce weapons for defensive purposes only.

Question 33

Progressive Party

Answer 33

third party that promoted major change like in Wisconsin

Question 34

Dawes Plan

Answer 34

plan for the U.S. to loan Germany money rebuild their infrastructure and repay the Allies while the Allies repay the U.S. for loans during WWI. Eventually the Treaty of Versailles was too devastating for Germany and the Allies felt they have sacrificed millions of lives while the U.S. could sacrifice profits from WWI, so they stopped paying America

Question 35

Hawley Smoot Tariff

Answer 35

tariff that increased rates and led to a tariff war that hurt trade around the world and is considered one of the causes of the Great Depression.

Question 36

Black Tuesday

Answer 36

October 29th, 1929- the day the stock market crashed until 1941

Question 37

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

Answer 37

attempt by the Hoover administration to give loans to banks and big business is financial despair during the Great Depression. The issue was it was too little too late. The businesses that needed the money couldn’t get it because of poor credit and the businesses that could get the money didn’t need it.

Question 38

Bonus Army

Answer 38

group of WWI vets that were promised a Bonus for fighting in WWI, but during the Depression many were struggling and wanted early payments for their service, but were denied by Congress. They were asked to leave D.C. which many did, but those who stayed behind were ordered out by Hoover and forced out by Douglas MacArthur.