Chapter 28

Question 1

Jacob Riis

Answer 1

muckraker who wrote How the Other Half lives about the poor living in the slums in NYC

Question 2

Lincoln Steffens

Answer 2

muckraker who wrote The Shame of the Cities about the corrupt alliance between big business and government at the expense of the workers

Question 3

Theodore Dreiser

Answer 3

muckraker who also exposed the slums in the cities

Question 4

Ida Tarbell

Answer 4

muckraker who wrote an expose on Standard Oil and Rockefeller’s ruthlessness

Question 5

Robert Lafollette

Answer 5

governor and senator from Wisconsin who believed in Progressive reforms like initiative, referendum, recall—all about giving power to the people

Question 6

Upton Sinclair

Answer 6

muckraker who wrote The Jungle about the unsanitary conditions in the Meatpacking Industry. As a result TR had Congress pass the Meat Inspection Act which place standards on meat packaging and shipping to prevent illness.

Question 7

John Muir, Sierra Club

Answer 7

environmentalist who helped establish the Sierra Club. Muir helped TR establish his conservation policy to set aside millions of acres of land for National Parks.

Question 8

Gifford Pinchot

Answer 8

TR placed him as head of the National Forest Reserve which continued to use natural resources, but also find ways to protect them

Question 9

Eugene V Debs

Answer 9

former American Railway Union leader who became a socialist Presidential Candidate which garnered a significant amount of votes for a third party.

Question 10

Nelson Aldrich

Answer 10

don’t worry about him

Question 11

William Howard Taft, Dollar Diplomacy

Answer 11

as president Taft broke up more trusts than TR. Taft also issued Dollar Diplomacy to invest in Latin America and Asian countries to expand trade and create new markets.

Question 12

Richard Ballinger

Answer 12

Sec. Of Interior & caused Republican split over conservation conflict with Pinchot-Ballinger Pinchot affair(use the land and resources of save it?)

Question 13

Initiative

Answer 13

when the people initiate legislation via a petition.

Question 14

Referendum

Answer 14

when the people vote on a major issue within their community or state

Question 15

Recall

Answer 15

created a special election to possibly remove a bad government official.

Question 16

Conservation

Answer 16

setting aside land or resources for future use

Question 17

Rule of reason

Answer 17

TR’s policy if a good trust kept prices low and was good for all of society then the trust should be kept, if it is not good for everyone involved then it needs to be broken up.

Question 18

Muckrakers

Answer 18

investigative journalists who exposed all the negatives during the Gilded Age–political corruption, advantages of big business, poor, slums, unsanitary food

Question 19

17th amendment

Answer 19

direct election of Senators. Prior to this each state legislatures would select the U.S. Senators for the people.

Question 20

18th amendment

Answer 20

established prohibition or making alcohol illegal.

Question 21

Northern Securities

Answer 21

first trust TR broke up giving TR the nickname trustbuster because JP Morgan and James J. Hill violated TR’s rule of reason and raised prices simply for profit.

Question 22

Mueller v. Oregon

Answer 22

attempt to protect women working long hours and dangerous conditions.

Question 23

Lochner v. New York

Answer 23

established a 10 hour work day for bakers because of the hot terrible conditions, but was later was ruled illegal—so workers can work more if they wanted.

Question 24

Triangle shirtwaist fire

Answer 24

clothing factory which caught on fire and killed over a hundred women. As a result building codes and fire codes became established

Question 25

Pure food and drug act

Answer 25

placed restrictions on food and medicine being produced that were improperly labeled such a sugar pills being sold for headache medicine

Question 26

Newlands act

Answer 26

established irrigation systems to help provide water for the dry western lands.

Question 27

Yosemite national Park

Answer 27

one of the National Parks set aside by TR—his biggest legacy he established during his Presidency

Question 28

New Nationalism

Answer 28

Progressive policy of Theodore Roosevelt–1912 Progressive party platform–favored a more active government role in economic and social affairs–favored continued consolidation of trusts and labor unions and the growth of powerful regulatory agencies in Washington–favored women’s suffrage and social welfare programs (including minimum-wage laws and “socialistic” social insurance).

Question 29

New Freedom

Answer 29

Wilson’s policy that favored the small business, entrepreneurship, and the free functioning of unregulated and unmonopolized markets.