Chapter 29

Question 1

Woodrow Wilson, New Freedom

Answer 1

Progressive Governor of New Jersey, President of Princeton University, wanted to break up all trusts. New Freedom was his agenda similar to the triple wall of privilege-reform on the banks, tariffs, and trusts (disliked social welfare)

Question 2

Eugene V Debs

Answer 2

American Railway union leader who ran for President as a socialist. Was jailed because he violated the sedition act and criticized the government

Question 3

Louis Brandeis

Answer 3

first Jew ever on the Supreme Court.

Question 4

Victoriano Huerta

Answer 4

Mexican Dictator

Question 5

Venustiano Carranza

Answer 5

Mexican Dictator

Question 6

Pancho Villa

Answer 6

Mexican rebel that hated Huerta and wanted the U.S. to intervene. He got frustrated and came into the U.S. and killed 19 Americans. The U.S. chased his led by John J. Pershing, but that trail went cold and Pershing left to fight in WWI.

Question 7

John J Pershing

Answer 7

nicknamed black jack- failed to catch Pancho Villa and became the #1 General of American forces in Europe under French General Foch

Question 8

Charles Evans Hughes

Answer 8

ran for President and lost to Wilson. Eventually became a highly influential Sec. of State

Question 9

New Nationalism

Answer 9

TR’s agenda as a Progressive Party Candidate- improved social welfare, insurance, women’s suffrage, regulation of trusts

Question 10

Underwood Tariff Bill

Answer 10

reduced tariffs and helped lead the way for the creation of the 16th amendment and income taxes.

Question 11

Sixteenth amendment

Answer 11

established an income tax

Question 12

Federal Reserve Act

Answer 12

created 12 regional banks with a central bank. The concept was created to help stabilize all financial regions of the country during Wilson’s presidency

Question 13

Federal Trade Commission act

Answer 13

investigated complaints against monopolies and gave the federal government more power to regulate trusts

Question 14

Clayton antitrust act

Answer 14

strengthened the Sherman Anti-Trust Act which allowed the government to break up trusts and it also protect the formation of labor unions and peaceful protest. Samuel Gompers referred to this act as the Magna Carta of Labor Unions.

Question 15

Workingmen’s compensation act

Answer 15

workers hurt on the job could receive insurance payments for their injury.

Question 16

ABC Powers

Answer 16

Argentina, Brazil, Chile were the countries that led negotiations to keep peace between the U.S. and Mexico

Question 17

Sarajevo

Answer 17

city in Bosnia where the Archduke Ferdinand was assassinated

Question 18

Central Powers

Answer 18

countries of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and Ottoman Empire

Question 19

Allies

Answer 19

the Countries of Great Britain, France, Italy, and later the U.S.

Question 20

Lusitania

Answer 20

British passenger ship that was sunk with 128 American on board that became a cause to why America entered the Great War

Question 21

U-boat

Answer 21

German subs that caused havoc on the seas

Question 22

Sussex, Sussex Pledge

Answer 22

Sussex was a ship that was sunk by German U-boats that killed Americans, later the Germans pledged not to sink ships without warning once Wilson would hold them to a strict accountability. The pledge was soon abandoned

Question 23

George Creel, Committee on Public Information

Answer 23

led the CPI which would produce propaganda for the war through posters or videos like Halt the Hun, The “Paige” Kaiser

Question 24

Eugene V Debs

Answer 24

ARU leader, Socialist President Candidate, violated the Sedition act

Question 25

Bernard Baruch, War industries Board

Answer 25

leader of the WIB who organized what to produce for the war, where to produce it, how much to produce. Required major coordination.

Question 26

Herbert Hoover

Answer 26

head of the food Administration who presented conservation of foods with Victory and Liberty Gardens where the citizens plant their own gardens. Also, a voluntary idea of Wheatless Wednesdays, Meatless Mondays, among others in an attempt to conserve food for the war effort.

Question 27

Alice Paul

Answer 27

leader of the National Women’s Party and advocate for the 19th Amendment.

Question 28

Henry Cabot Lodge, Article X

Answer 28

Republican Senator that was upset his party was not consulted by Wilson on the issues in Europe, 14 points, or the League of Nations. Lodge was extremely upset that Article X of the League and Treaty of Versaille would strip the U.S. of declaring war on our own and force the U.S. into European military conflicts (entangling alliances

Question 29

Warren G Harding, A return to normalcy

Answer 29

Republican from Ohio who ran for and won the Presidency under a slogan “a Return to Normalcy” or pre-WWI times.

Question 30

Self-determination

Answer 30

one of Wilson’s 14 points that stated the people should be able to determine their own form of government

Question 31

Conscription

Answer 31

forced military service with no men being exempt from the fighting

Question 32

Zimmerman note

Answer 32

Arthur Zimmerman is the German Foreign Secretary who offered Mexico their lost lands of the Mexican Cession in exchange for doing whatever it could even if it meant attacking the U.S. and keeping America out of the war in Europe. A cause of why the U.S. entered WWI

Question 33

14 points

Answer 33

Wilson’s place to keep prevent war- such as freedom of seas, no trade barriers like tariffs, open alliances, self-determination- areas of people should determine their own government, and the League of Nations

Question 34

League of Nations

Answer 34

Wilson’s idea to have a peace-keeping organization that would prevent another world war. This was the 14th point in Wilson’s 14 points. The league failed for several reasons as the U.S. was not a member of it because Wilson failed to consult the Republicans led by Henry Cabot Lodge

Question 35

Espionage act

Answer 35

officially declared spying against the U.S. as treasonous, punishable by death.

Question 36

Sedition act

Answer 36

limited free speech especially during times of war or it poses a threat against others originally used during John Adam’s Presidency to silence critics of the Federalists

Question 37

Schenck v. United States, clear and present danger

Answer 37

Schenck was accused and found guilty of passing out anti-draft leaflets. The government said he created a clear and present danger because he was inducing panic. The case concluded that free speech can be limited during times of war

Question 38

Industrial workers of the world

Answer 38

aka Wobblies, led by Debs who encouraged unity and were deemed a radical element of the unions who included immigrants and unskilled workers.

Question 39

19th amendment

Answer 39

womens suffrage

Question 40

18th amendment

Answer 40

prohibition or the illegal use, and production, selling of alcohol

Question 41

Bolsheviks

Answer 41

Russian revolutionaries that withdrew from participation in WWI led by Vladimir Lenin who eventually turned Russia into a communist nation

Question 42

Doughboys

Answer 42

inexperienced American soldiers

Question 43

Big Four

Answer 43

U.S. Wilson, GB-George, France-Clemenceau, Italy-Orlando—leaders that determined the Treaty of Versailles & League of Nations

Question 44

Treaty of Versailles

Answer 44

ended WWI, Germany had to accept responsibility for the war, Germany had to pay war reparations of $33 billion over 30 years, Germany lost land such as the Rhineland, and Germany’s army was limited for defense purposes only. The harshness of the treaty sent Germany into a depression, desperate, and allowed for the rise of Hitler and a cause of WWII