Chapter 33 Flashcards

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1
Q

A. Philip Randolph

A

Labor Union leader in charge of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters- African American train car union who demanded equal rights in the hiring process. Threatened to March on Washington if FDR didn’t help create change

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2
Q

Douglas MacArthur

A

American General in charge of the Army in the Pacific against the Japanese. Was forced to evacuate to Australia when the Japanese overan the Philippines. MacArthur said “I shall return.” However 75,000 Americans and Filipinos had to partake in the treacherous Bataan Death March- walking to work camps until freed.

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3
Q

Chester Nimitz

A

American Admiral in charge of the Navy in the Pacific against the Japanese most notable at Midway. Battle of Midway- considered the turning point of the war in the Pacific against the Japanese as the U.S. broke the Japanese code we put the Japanese on the defensive from this point on.

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4
Q

Dwight D. Eisenhower

A

Supreme Allied Commander in charge of all forces in Europe. He would organize and plan the D-Day operations.

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5
Q

Joseph Stalin

A

Communist leader of the Soviet Union. Member of the Allies during WWII.

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6
Q

Jiang Jieshi, Chiang Kia- Shek

A

pro-U.S. leader of China during WWII that lost China to Mao Zedong as it fell to Communism because the U.S. (FDR)-sold him down the river meaning the U.S. did not properly aid his fight against the communists.

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7
Q

Harry S. Truman

A

FDR’s Vice President. Eventually takes over as President during FDR’s 4th term. He would stand up to Stalin and the Russians with his motto “The buck stops here.”

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8
Q

Albert Einstein

A

wrote a series of letters to FDR convincing him the U.S. needed to build an atomic bomb because the Germans began the process.

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9
Q

War Production Board

A

began organizing and preparing war goods–determining what to produce and how much to produce

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10
Q

Office of Price Administration

A

created to prevent inflation and keep prices reasonable during WWII

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11
Q

WAACs

A

Women’s Army Auxiliary Corp- Created to recruit women into the army as cooks, custodians, secretaries, and cargo pilots.

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12
Q

Rosie the Riveter

A

female character that recruited women into the workforce

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13
Q

Braceros

A

Since so many men went to fight in the war, and African Americans left the fields to work in the factories there was a need to replace African American farmers with Mexican farmers in the U.S.

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14
Q

D-day, Operation Overlord

A

invasion of Normandy France that would allow create a 2nd front against Hitler and the Germans

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15
Q

Battle of the Bulge

A

last ditch attempt by the Germans to break the Allied lines, but thanks to Patton the Americans fought back and the Germans were never an offensive threat for the rest of the war. Began the race to Berlin to get Hitler

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16
Q

Potsdam Conference

A

Truman, Atlee(British PM), and Stalin met to discuss dividing Germany and Soviet help with defeating the Japanese

17
Q

Manhattan Project, Leslie Groves, Robert Oppenheimer

A

secret building of the Atomic Bomb. Groves was in charge of security for this project. Oppenheimer was the head scientist in charge of the project. It was so secretive the FBI followed Oppenheimer for most of his life to make sure he didn’t pass along secrets to another country

18
Q

Korematsu v. U.S.

A

when FDR placed Japanese Americans to internment camps the U.S. government was sued and the Supreme Court upheld the move because it was based on national security and military urgency. FDR also claimed it was for the Japanese Americans protection.

19
Q

Sunbelt

A

group of warm weather states stretching from California to Florida where people moved to for war production factory jobs.

20
Q

Tehran Conference

A

Stalin, Churchill, and FDR met to discuss opening a second front (D-Day) to take pressure off of the Soviets