Chapter 36 Flashcards
What is respiration?
- gas exchange
- 3 steps
What are the three different steps of respiration?
- pulmonary ventilation
- external respiration
- internal respiration
What is pulmonary ventilation?
-bringing air in from the outside to the alveoli
What is external respiration?
-exchange of gas in alveoli and blood in pulmonary capillary
What is internal respiration?
-exchange of gases in blood between systemic capillaries and tissue cells
What is inspiration?
-moving air into the lungs
What is expiration?
-moving air out of the lungs
What is the primary principle of ventilation?
-air will travel from high to low pressure
Explain the pressure gradient during inspiration.
-pressure outside is greater than the pressure inside
Explain the pressure gradient during expiration.
-pressure outside is less than the pressure inside
How is pressure manipulated?
-changing the size of the thoracic cavity by moving the diaphragm
What structure controls the pressure change?
-diaphragm
What is Boyle’s Law?
-the volume of a gas has an inverse relationship with pressure
What is the position of the diaphragm during inhalation?
-low in the thoracic cavity
Is the diaphragm contracted or relaxed during inhalation? Does it increase or decrease pressure?
- contracted
- decrease pressure
Is the diaphragm contracted or relaxed during expiration? Does it increase or decrease pressure?
- relaxed
- increase pressure