Chapter 32 New

Question 1

Directing an argument against the person making the claim rather than the claim itself.

Answer 1

ad hominem

Question 2

Arguing that a person’s argument is wrong by attacking the character of the person.

Answer 2

abusive ad hominem

Question 3

Arguing that.a person’s argument is wrong because of the person’s circumstances, biases, or motivations.

Answer 3

circumstantial ad hominem

Question 4

Claiming that a proposition or an argument must be correct because a fallible person believes it. Often the appeal is to an expert but outside of his area of expertise, or to an expert who disagrees with other experts in the same field.

Answer 4

faulty to appeal to authority

Question 5

Arguing that something must be true because a majority believes it. This is a specific type of the faulty appeal to authority.

Answer 5

appeal to the majority

Question 6

Misrepresenting an opponent’s position and proceeding to refute the misrepresentation rather than what the opponent actually claims.

Answer 6

the strawman fallacy