Chapter 313 - Congenital lower urinary tract disoders

Question 1

Which breed is predisposed to hypospadias?
a. Border terrier
b. Boston terrier
c. Bedlington terrier
d. Norfolk terrier

Answer 1

B

Question 2

What percentage of ectopic ureters in dogs are reported to be intramural?
a. 10-26%
b. 30-43%
c. 46-72%
d. 86-100%

Answer 2

D

Question 3

In what percentage of female dogs do clinical signs of urinary incontinence persist after treatment of ectopic ureters?
a. Less than 10%
b. 10- 20%
c. 27-45%
d. 35-63%

Answer 3

D

Question 4

In which breed have trigonal vesicular diverticulae been reported?
a. Golden retriever
b. GSD
c. English Pointer
d. Boston Terrier

Answer 4

B - reported in 3 dogs

Question 5

Which term describes a failure of fusion of the urogenital folds, resulting in incomplete formation of the ventral urethra?
a. Hypospadias
b. Epispadias
c. Urethrorectal fistula
d. Urethral hypoplasia

Answer 5

A

Question 6

Which condition is the result of failure of fusion of the urorectal fold in MALE dogs?
a. Urethral diverticulae
b. Urethrorectal fistula
c. Hypospadias
d. Epispadias

Answer 6

B

Question 7

What is the reported accuracy of abdominal ultrasound for detecting ectopic ureters?
a. Up to 50%
b. Up to 65%
c. Up to 80%
d. Up to 95%

Answer 7

D

Question 8

According to Ettinger, what is the gold standard for detecting ectopic ureters in MALE dogs and cats?
a. Cystoscopy
b. Computed tomographic excretory urography
c. Ultrasound
d. Retrograde contrast radiography

Answer 8

B - False positives on cystoscopy in male dogs

Question 9

Which congenital abnormality commonly accompanies hypospadias?
a. Cleft palate
b. Umbilical hernia
c. Inguinal hernia
d. Cryptorchidism

Answer 9

D

Question 10

According to Ettinger what is the treatment of choice for persistent paramesonephric remnants where there are suspected to be clinical signs related to the problem?
a. Endoscopic laser ablation
b. Surgical resection
c. Endoscopic scissors
d. Benign neglect

Answer 10

A