Chapter 31: Obstetrics and Neonatal Care Flashcards
____ or womb is responsible for contractions during labor and pushes the infant through the birth canal
uterus
_____ is made of the vagina and cervix
birth canal
the ____ completes the passageway from the uterus to the outside world for the infant
birth canal
the _____ is disk shaped and attached to inner lining of uterus. it is connected to the fetus by the umbilical cord
placenta
the _____ is the lifeline of the fetus
umbilical cord
the umbilical cord connects the ____ and the ____ through the _____
connects the woman and the fetus through the placenta
the ______ carries oxygen and blood from the woman to the heart of the fetus
umbilical vein
the _____ carry deoxygenated blood from the heart of the fetus to the woman
umbilical arteries
the fetus developed in a fluid-filled membrane called the
amniotic sac
there is about ____-____ ml of amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac that protects the floating fetus
500-1,000
normal changes during pregnancy involve these three systems
CV, respiratory, and musculoskeletal
in pregnancy ___ shift from their normal positions
organs
in the ____ trimester there is rapid uterine growth
2nd
there is ___ resp rate and ___ TV/minute volume
INC resp rate, DEC TV/minute volume
blood volume rate increases by __% and heart rate increases by ___% by the end of the third trimester
BV INC by 50% and HR INC by 20%
in the ____ trimester there is an increased risk of vomiting and potential aspiration following trauma due to changes in the GI tract
3rd
braxton hicks contractions are
false labor
what are the three stages of labor
dilation of cervix
delivery of infant
delivery of placenta
the first stage of labor begins with
onset of contractions as fetus enters the birth canal
the first stage of labor ends when
the cervix is fully dilated
the ____ is usually the longest (avg of 16 hours for first delivery)
first stage
at the end of the third trimester is ____ when the head of the fetus descends into the womans pelvis
lightening
the 2nd stage of labor begins when the
fetus begins to encounter the birth canal
the 2nd stage of labor ends when the
fetus is born
in the 2nd stage of labor contractions are
closer together and longer
in the 2nd stage of labor the ____ bulges significantly and the top of the infant’s head begins to appear at the vaginal opening (crowning)
perineum
the 3rd stage of labor begins with the
birth of the infant
the 3rd stage of labor ends with the
delivery of the placenta
the placenta must completely separate from the
uterine wall
_____ is pregnancy induced hypertension
preeclampsia
preeclampsia occurs around the ___ week of gestation
30th week
_____ involves seizures that result from hypertension
eclampsia
pregnant patients with eclampsia are placed on their left side to prevent
supine hypotensive syndrome
supine hypotensive syndrome is caused by
compression of the descending aorta and inferior vena cava by the uterus when the patient lies supine
____ may be a sign of an ectopic pregnancy
internal bleeding
leading cause of maternal death in the 1st trimester is
internal hemorrhage in the abdomen following the rupture of an ectopic pregnancy
____ is when the placenta separated prematurely from the wall of the uterus
abruptio placenta
placenta previa is when the placenta
develops over and covers the cervix
gestational diabetes will clear up after
delivery
treatment of gestational diabetes is
the same as for any other patient with diabetes
Prompt hospital treatment should be provided for a pregnant woman with vaginal bleeding. Which of the following should not be done in this emergency?
a. Place a sanitary pad or trauma dressing in the vagina.
b. Place her on her left side during transport.
c. Give her high-flow oxygen.
d. Save any tissue that may be passed from the vagina.
a.Place a sanitary pad or trauma dressing in the vagina.
An unruptured amniotic sac may contain a foul-smelling, greenish color fluid. This information must be:
relayed in your report to medical control
As soon as the head is delivered, use the index finger of your other hand to feel whether the umbilical cord is wrapped around the neck. This condition is commonly called:
a nuchal cord
Post delivery care includes drying the baby off, wrapping it immediately in a blanket or towel, and placing it on one side with:
the head slightly lower than the rest of the body
Once the infant is born, the umbilical cord is of no further use to the mother or infant. Post delivery care of the umbilical cord is important because:
infection is easily transmitted through the cord to the baby
To slow bleeding, you can massage the mother’s abdomen in a firm, circular motion after the baby is delivered, stimulating the uterus to contract. You can also:
place the infant on the mothers breast to nurse
Excessive bleeding occurs when the bleeding exceeds:
500 ml
full-term fetus grows and develops inside the uterus for approximately _________ weeks.
40 weeks
Which of the following does not occur during the second stage of labor?
- The fetus enters the birth canal.
- Lightening occurs.
- The mother may feel pressure on her rectum.
- The perineum will begin to bulge.
- Lightening occurs.
Which of the following is not measured using the Apgar score?
- grimace or irritability
- pulse
- weight
- activity or muscle tone
weight
In what situation is it acceptable to place your sterile gloved fingers into the vagina?
- breech delivery
- limb presentation
- prolapsed cord
- both a and c
both a and c (prolapsed cord and breech delivery)
most serious complications of spontaneous abortion are ___ and ____
bleeding and infection
if a prolapsed cord is present, transport the mother in ___ position
trendelenburg/knee-chest position
INC ______ affect the musculoskeletal system by making joints loose
hormone levels
once labor has begun it cant be slowed but in the ____ there is time to transport
1st stage of labor
suction the ___ first when delivering an infant
mouth
apgar score is calculated at ____ and __ minutes after birth
1 and 5
