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EMT Course > Chapter 13: Respiratory Emergencies > Flashcards

Chapter 13: Respiratory Emergencies Flashcards

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NREMT® EMT flashcards
1
Q

Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing is known as:

A

dyspnea

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2
Q

Remember, the sensation of not getting enough air can be terrifying, regardless of its cause. As an EMT, you should be prepared to treat not just the symptoms and the underlying problem, but also:

A

the anxiety it produces

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3
Q

Patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) often take several medications. In addition to obtaining a list of those medications, be sure to pay special attention to:

A

the events that lead up to the present problem

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4
Q

t is important to establish your patient’s baseline status; in other words, his or her usual condition and:

A

what is different

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5
Q

Which of the following would not be a proper intervention for a respiratory problem?

a. positive pressure ventilations
b. positioning the patient in a high Fowler’s position
c. positioning the patient in a position of comfort
d. oxygen via non-breathing mask at 24 L/min or higher

A

d. oxygen via non-breathing mask at 24 L/min or higher

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6
Q

If the patient’s condition is stable and no life threats exist, vital signs should be obtained at least every:

A

15 minutes

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7
Q

What is the first step listed to help a patient self-administer medication from an inhaler?

A

obtain an order from medical control or local protocol

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8
Q

Like most dyspnea patients, those with spontaneous pneumothorax are usually more comfortable

A

sitting up

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9
Q

Because a considerable amount of lung tissue may not be functioning, what is the mandatory care for a patient with pulmonary embolism?

A

giving supplemental oxygen

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10
Q

Which of the following may indicate difficulty breathing?

a. a respiratory rate between 12 and 20 breaths/min
b. regular and equal chest rise and fall
c. the patient sitting in a tripod position
d. a pulse oximetry reading of 96%

A

c. the patient sitting in a tripod position

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11
Q

Which of the following respiratory conditions is seen primarily in pediatric patients?

a. asthma
b. croup
c. emphysema
d. bronchitis

A

b. croup

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12
Q

When wheezing is heard on auscultation of breath sounds, which of the following conditions may be present?

a. asthma
b. pneumonia
c. bronchitis
d. all of the above

A

d. all of the above

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13
Q

principal function of the lungs is

A

respiration

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14
Q

2 processes of respiration

A

inspiration and expiration

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15
Q

____ monitors the level of CO2 in arterial blood

A

brain stem

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16
Q

proper _____ can be hindered by:

  1. abnormalities in the anatomy of the airway
  2. disease - COPD
  3. trauma
  4. pulmonary vessel abnormalities
A

exchange of oxygen and CO2

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17
Q

____ is alveolar sac collapse

A

atelectasis

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18
Q

how can you differentiate pleuritic chest pain from cardiac ischemic chest pain

A

pleuritic chest pain can be reproduced by taking a breath

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19
Q

_______ is the buildup of fluid within the alveoli and in the lung tissue

A

acute pulmonary edema

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20
Q

acute pulmonary edema often results from

A

CHF

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21
Q

in severe cases of acute pulmonary edema there is

A

pink frothy sputum

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22
Q

acute pulmonary edema is accompanied by ___/____ respirations

A

rapid shallow

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23
Q

wet lungs are associated with

A

acute pulmonary edema

24
Q

dry lugs are associated with

A

COPD

25
Q

_____ is a slow process of dilation and disruption of airways and alveoli

A

COPD

26
Q

COPD is caused by chronic ______

A

bronchial obstruction

27
Q

___ is a type of COPD in which lungs lose elastic material

A

emphysema

28
Q

most patients with COPD have elements of ____ and ____

A

chronic bronchitis and emphysema

29
Q

asthma is a _____ disease

A

reactive airway disease

30
Q

asthma is the acute spasm of the

A

bronchioles

31
Q

asthma produces excessive

A

mucus

32
Q

wheezing associated with asthma is caused by

A

partially obstructed airways

33
Q

with ______ there is airway swelling, dilation of BV, and BP can DEC

A

anaphylactic reactions

34
Q

spontaneous pneumothorax is the partial or total accumulation of ____ in the pleural space

A

air

35
Q

spontaneous pneumothorax is usually caused by

A

trauma

36
Q

____ are at an INC risk of a spontaneous pneumothorax

A

tall, thin, males

37
Q

with a spontaneous pneumothorax the patient becomes dyspneic and might have ____ they can point to

A

pleuritic chest pain

38
Q

____ is the buildup of fluid OUTSIDE the lung

A

pleural effusion

39
Q

with a pleural effusion the ____ is compressed which causes dyspnea

A

lung

40
Q

with pleural effusion patients feel better when

A

sitting up

41
Q

____ are a disruption in the electrical activity of the brain

A

seizures

42
Q

______ is the sudden loss of consciousness

A

tonic-clonic seizure

43
Q

____ is continuous seizures

A

epilipticus

44
Q

prolonged seizures are a threat to the airway because the _____ interfere with the chests ability to expand

A

constant muscle contractions

45
Q

a pulmonary embolism is the passage of ____ through the venous system

A

blood clots

46
Q

signs and symptoms of a pulmonary embolism include: dyspnea, ______, ______ (coughing up blood)

A

dyspnea, acute/sudden chest pain, hemoptysis (coughing up blood)

47
Q

hyperventilation is over-breathing, CO2 ____

A

DEC CO2

48
Q

_____ is the buildup of excess acid

A

acidosis

49
Q

____ is the buildup of excess base

A

alkalosis

50
Q

with hyperventilation instruct the patient to ____ and give ____

A

slow breathing and give oxygen

51
Q

these are all ____ for the use of an MDI:

  • patient unable to coordinate inhalation
  • you did not obtain permission from medical control
  • patient already met max prescribed dose
  • medication is expired
A

contraindications

52
Q

with partial airway obstruction ____ and ____

A

give supplemental oxygen and transport

53
Q

with complete airway obstruction _____ and _____

A

clear obstruction and administer oxygen

54
Q

risks for CHF include: _____ and a history of ____

A

hypertension and a history of coronary artery disease

55
Q

____ are low pitched breath sounds from mucus in the airway

A

ronchi

EMT Course (43 decks)

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