Chapter 3 - Psychological Health Flashcards
Psychological Health (aka Mental Health)
defined as the extent to which we are able to function optimally in the face of challenges, whether we have a mental illness or not;
negatively the absence of sickness, or positively, as the presence of wellness;
A combination of two parts
Mental Health: the thinking component of psychology that allows you to perceive reality accurately and respond rationally and effectively
Emotional Health: the feeling component of psychological health that influences your interpretation of and response to events.
Self-Actualization
The Highest level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
Qualities of Self-Actualization
- Realism
- Acceptance
- Autonomy
- Authenticity
- Capacity of Intamacy
- Creativity
Self-concept
The ideas, feelings, and perceptions a person has about themself; also called self-image
Self-esteem
Satisfaction and confidence in yourself; the valuing of yourself as a person.
Autonomy
Independence; the sense of being self-directed
Positive Psychology
The ability to define positive goals and to identify concrete, measurable ways of achieving them.
Who created positive psychology and who was it inspired by?
The movement of positive psychology was created by Martin Seligman inspired by Abraham Maslow.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological needs -> Safety and Security -> Love and Belongingness -> Self-esteem (from bottom to top, least to most important)
Seligmans’s Dimensions of Happiness
Pleasant Life, Engaged Life, and Meaningful Life
The Pleasant Life
Dedicated to maximizing the postive emotions about the past, present, and future, and to minimizing pain and negative emotions.
The Engaged Life
Involves cultivating positive personality traits such as (courage and kindness) and actively using your talents.
The Meaningful Life
Entails working with others toward a meaningful end. Satisfaction is strongest when it comes from more than 1 source.
Emotions
A feeling state involving some combination of thoughts, physiological changes, and an outward expression or behavior.
Emotional Intelligence
The capacity to identify and manage your own emotions and, where possible, the emotions of others.
What percentage of US adults experience mental illness?
21%
What can’t be used to determine psychological health?
- Symptoms alone
- Appearance
- Health
Who created an 8-stage theory on development based on conflicts? (ex. Intimacy vs Isolation)
Erik Erikson
When does the development of the adult identity start?
Adolescence
Values
Criteria for judging what is good and bad, which underlies an individual’s moral decisions and behavior.
Integration
An integrated self-concept is one that you have made for yourself.
Stability
depends on the integration of the self and its freedom from contradictions.
Cognitive distortions
A pattern of negative thinking that makes events seem worse than they are.
Self-talk
The statements a person makes to themself.
Meeting Challenges of Self Esteem
- Aknowledge something has gone wrong and try again
Defense Mechanisms
A mental strategy that uses techniques such as humor or denial to couple with conflict or anxiety.
List of Defense & Coping Mechanisms
Projection, Repression, Denial, Displacement, Dissociation, Rationalization, Reaction formula, Substitution, Acting Out, Humor, and Altruism.
Pessimism
the tendency to expect an unfavorable outcome
Optimism
The tendency to expect a favorable outcome
Assertiveness
Expression that is forceful but not hostile.
Lonliness
A passive feeling state of disconnection and isolation
Anger
A normal human emotion, that needs to be expressed healthily.
Intermittent explosive disorder (IED)
People whose anger is explosive or misdirected.
Managing anger in yourself
- Reframe your thinking
- Distract yourself
