Chapter 1 - Taking Charge of Your Health Flashcards

Question

Affordable Care Act (ACA) (Obamacare)

Answer 1

Was signed into law on March 23rd, 2010. Has survived over 2000 challenges in state and federal courts as well as at least 70 Republican-led votes to dismantle it in congress - Health Insurance Marketplaces (Health Exchanges) facilitate the purchase of health insurance at the state level. - People can stay on their parents' health insurance until age 26

Answer 2

- Healthy People is a set of goals, given by the US every decade since 1980. - It aims to prevent disease and improve Americans' quality of life - Sets national health goals

Answer 3

- Eliminate preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death - Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve health literacy - Create social, economic, and physical environments that promote good health for all - Promote healthy development and healthy behavior across every stage of life. - Engage leadership and the public to design effective health policies.

Answer 4

Both emphasize the importance of health determinants. Factors that influence the health of individuals, demographic groups, or entire populations.

Answer 5

A health difference linked to social, economic, or environmental disadvantage that adversely effects a group of people.

Answer 6

The biological and physiological characteristics that define male, female, and intersex people.

Answer 7

How people identify themselves and also the roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for them.

Answer 8

- Women making less doing same work as men - Transgender people more likely to experience violence and less likely to use healthcare - Men have higher rates of death from injuries, homicide, and suicide - Women are at a higher risk for Alzheimer's and depression - Higher rates of smoking and drinking among men.

Answer 9

- Higher Infant Mortality Rate - Lower Rate of Suicide and Osteoporosis - Big issues in community are high blood pressure, stroke, diabetes, asthma and obesity - African American men are at a significantly higher risk of contracting prostate cancer.

Answer 10

- Lower death rates from heart disease, cancer, and stroke than average population - Higher rates of early death linked to smoking and drinking, including injuries and cirrhosis - Diabetes is a special concern

Answer 11

- Lower rates of coronary heart disease and obesity - Southeast Asian men have higher rates of smoking and lung cancer - Vietnamese American women have higher rates of cervical cancer

Answer 12

- Higher overall death rate - Higher rates of diabetes and asthma - Smoking and Obesity are special concerns for this group

Answer 13

- Lower rates of heart disease, cancer, and suicide then general population - Areas of concern are gallbladder disease, obesity, diabetes, and lack of health insurance

Answer 14

- Higher poverty rates directly correlates to worse health status -People with lower poverty rates have higher rates of infant mortality, traumatic injury, violent death, and many diseases (Heart disease, diabetes, tuberculosis, HIV, and some cancers) - More likely to lack proper nutrition, experience obesity, smoke, drink, and misuse drugs. - More daily stress in these people also amplifies the issues - Researchers estimate 250,000yearly deaths are due to low educational attainment, 175,000 are because of individual and community poverty, and 120,00 are because of income inequality

Answer 15

- 1/4 American adults have some kind of disability - Rate is rising especially with younger generations - People with disabilities are more likely to have obesity, heart disease, diabetes, and to smoke. - Many people with disabilities have lack of access to healthcare services.

Answer 16

- LGBTQ individuals may face health disparities due to discrimination and denial of their civil and human rights. - LGBTQ youth are more likely to use tobacco, alcohol, and drug misuse; along with a higher rate of suicide. - LGBTQ youth are also more likely to be homeless and less likely to have health care.

Answer 17

Even though college student may appear to be healthy, a lot of them have issues. Some can be substance abuse, school, mental health issues, unsafe sex, money, and physical health.

Answer 18

Smoking, stress, a hostile attitude, a poor diet, and being sedentary.

Answer 19

The complete set of genetic material within an individuals cells.

Answer 20

The basic unit of heredity; a section of a chromosome containing biochemical instructions for making a particular protein.

Answer 21

About 3,500 hereditary diseases such as sickle cell disease and cystic fibrosis.

Answer 22

A lifestyle management process that involves cultivating healthy behaviors and working to overcome unhealthy ones.

Answer 23

1. Precontemplation 2. Contemplation 3. Preparation 4. Action 5. Maintenance 6. Termination 7. Relapse (can happen any time)

Answer 24

You don't think there's a problem. Seek social support. Raising Awareness. 1st stage of Transtheoretical Model (TTM).

Answer 25

You realize the problem and are considering making a change. Action in 6 months. Cost benefit analysis. Identify Barriers to change. Weigh pros and cons of change. 2nd stage of Transtheoretical Model (TTM).

Answer 26

Intending on making change within a month. Started taking small steps. Creating a plan. 3rd stage of Transtheoretical Model (TTM).

Answer 27

Made the big change. Make changes to avoid backsliding. Praise and reward yourself. Monitor progress. 4th stage of Transtheoretical Model (TTM).

Answer 28

Maintained change for at least 6 months. Keep going, be prepared for lapses. Can last for a long time. 5th stage of Transtheoretical Model (TTM).

Answer 29

You no longer have any desire to go back to the old way of life. Can to longer relapse. 6th stage of Transtheoretical Model (TTM).

Answer 30

The belief in your ability to take action and perform a specific task

Answer 31

The extent to which a person believes that they have control over the events in their life.

Answer 32

Specific - No vague language Measurable - can be measured Achievable - can be done Relevant/Realistic (It says realistic in the book) - Important to what you want/ can be done Time frame specific - Has a time frame

Answer 33

A social construct that divides people into certain groups based on criteria set by society.

Answer 34

37 million (20% don't know they do)

Answer 35

- 1/4~ of Americans live in rural areas (less than 10,000 people) - People in rural areas are less likely to be physically active, wear seat belts, and get screening tests for preventative health care - People in rural areas don't have easy access to timely emergency care, and have higher rates of injury and some diseases - Children living in dangerous neighborhoods are 4 times more likely to be overweight than those who live in safer ones.

Answer 36

Behavior Family Health History Environment Access to Healthcare

Answer 37

Resets the Transtheoretical Model. Can happen at any stage. You go back to unhealthy behavior.

Answer 38

Yes it dropped

Answer 39

~77 Years Old