Chapter 3 Lesson 1 Flashcards
learn the events of the French and Indian war
Three major powers controlling North America
Spain, England, France
How did the French protect their land in North America?
They built forts
What was the cause of the French and Indian war?
The Ohio River Valley, furs, and trade
Why was there conflict surrounding the Ohio River Valley?
It had a lot of wildlife that could be used for fur and trade, and both England and France wanted it.
Why did the Native Americans get involved in France and England’s conflict?
The Native Americans lived in the Ohio River Valley, but it was getting too dangerous for them to ignore the war, so they chose sides.
Which tribes supported the French?
Algonquins and Hurons
Why did the French expect the Native Americans to side with them?
They had a good relationship based off of trade and respect, and the French and Native Americans inter-married.
Which tribes supported the British?
Iroquois (Mohawk)
Who helped gain Iroquois support for England?
William Johnson
Who did William Johnson marry?
Molly Brant, the sister of the Mohawk chief (Joseph Brant)
Joseph Brant
A powerful ally to the British; chief of the Mohawk tribe
Why did Washington and his men attack Fort Duquesne?
They were sent to build a fort in the same spot that Fort Duquesne was built.
After attacking Fort Duquesne, which fort did Washington and his men build to protect themselves from the counterattack?
Fort Necessity
The defeat of Fort Necessity
Washington and his men were badly outnumbered and lost
The Albany Plan of Union
An attempt to form one main government for the colonies because they had to work together to defeat the French.
Why did the Albany Plan of Union not succeed?
The colonies did not want to give up their powers
General Edward Braddock
A British general, unfamiliar with the North American terrain, who led an attack against Fort Duquesne and lost badly
William Pitt
A prime minister of England who specifically focused on winning the war against the French and succeeded
What did the British capture soon after William Pitt became prime minister?
Louisbourg (Jeffrey Amherst), Fort Duquesne, Fort Niagara, Crown Point, and Fort Ticonderoga
Who was sent to take over Quebec?
James Wolfe
Who was the French general guarding Quebec?
Marquis de Montcalm
Why was the fall of Quebec significant?
Quebec mainly supplied the French forts, and without them, the French faced a lack of supplies. By taking over Quebec, they cut off France from the resources
What treaty was signed to bring an end to the French and Indian war?
The Treaty of Paris
What did Britain get from the Treaty of Paris?
All French land east of the Mississippi River (excluding New Orleans) and Florida
What did Spain get from the Treaty of Paris?
All French land west of the Mississippi River and New Orleans
