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Medical terminology > Chapter 3: directional terms, positions, and imaging > Flashcards

Chapter 3: directional terms, positions, and imaging Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

anter/o

A

front

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2
Q

caud/o

A

tail/ downward

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3
Q

cephal/o

A

head/ upward

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4
Q

dist/o

A

away from point of attachment

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5
Q

dors/o

A

back

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6
Q

infer/o

A

below

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7
Q

later/o

A

side

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8
Q

medi/o

A

middle

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9
Q

poster/o

A

back/ behind

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10
Q

proxim/o

A

near

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11
Q

super/o

A

above

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12
Q

ventr/o

A

belly/ front

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13
Q

radi/o

A

x rays, ionizing radiation

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14
Q

son/o

A

sound

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15
Q

tom/o

A

to cut, section or slice

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16
Q

bi-

A

two

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17
Q

uni-

A

one

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18
Q

-ad

A

toward

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19
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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20
Q

-gram

A

the record, radiographic image

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21
Q

-graph

A

instrument used to record, the record

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22
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording, radiographic imagining pertaining to

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23
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

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24
Q

-ior

A

pertaining to

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25
Q

-logist

A

one who studies and. treats

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26
Q

-logy

A

study of

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27
Q

caudad

A

toward tail or inferior portion of the trunk

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28
Q

cephalad

A

toward head/ upward

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29
Q

lateral

A

pertaining to side

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30
Q

medial

A

pertaining to middle

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31
Q

unilateral

A

pertaining to one side only

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32
Q

bilateral

A

pertaining to two sides

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33
Q

mediolateral

A

pertaining to the middle and to the side

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34
Q

distal

A

pertaining to away (from point of attachment of a body part)

35
Q

proximal

A

pertaining to near (to the point of attachment of a body part)

36
Q

inferior

A

pertaining to below

37
Q

superior

A

pertaining to above

38
Q

caudal

A

pertaining to the tail (same as inferior in human anatomy)

39
Q

cephalic

A

pertaining to the head

40
Q

anterior

A

pertaining to the front

41
Q

posterior

A

pertaining to the back

42
Q

dorsal

A

pertaining to the back

43
Q

ventral

A

pertaining to the belly/ front

44
Q

anteroposterior

A

pertaining to front and back

45
Q

posteroanterior

A

pertaining to back and front

46
Q

axial or transverse or horizontal

A

horizontal plane dividing

47
Q

coronal

A

vertical plane, divides posterior and anterior

48
Q

misagittal

A

divides left and right

49
Q

parasagittal

A

divides left and right unequally

50
Q

sagittal

A

divides plane into left and right

51
Q

fowler position

A

semi sitting position with slight elevation of the knees

52
Q

lateral recumbent position

A

lying on the side; right and left will proceed the term to indicate the patients side

53
Q

lithotomy position

A

lying on back with legs raised and feet in stirrups, hips and knees flexed and thighs abducted and externally rotated

54
Q

orthopnea position

A

sitting upright in a chair or bed supported by pillows behind the back. sometimes the patient tilts forward, resting a on a pillow supported by an overbed table

55
Q

prone postion

A

lying on abdomen, face down, head turned to either side

56
Q

recumbent position

A

lying down in any position

57
Q

sims position

A

lying on side in a semi- prone position with the knee drawn up toward chest and the arm drawn behind parallel to the back. right and left are used to indicate the side the patient is on. if left/ right is not listed assume the LEFT side.

58
Q

trendelenburg position

A

lying on back with body tilted so that the head is lower than the feet

59
Q

radiograph

A

record of x rays

60
Q

radiography

A

proccess of recording x-rays

61
Q

radiologist

A

physician who specializes in x-rays, specifically dx and tx of disease using medical imaging

62
Q

radiology

A

study of x-rays

63
Q

sonogram

A

record of sound

64
Q

sonography

A

process of recording sound

65
Q

tomography

A

process of recording slices (anatomical cross sections)

66
Q

computed tomography (CT)

A

imaging modality that provides cross sectional images of the body (“slices”); contrast agent may be given to see things better

67
Q

fluoroscopy

A

imaging of moving body structures, like an x-ray movie. x ray beam is passed thru the body and the image is shown in real time. contrast agent may be used.

68
Q

nuclear medicine (NM)

A

imaging of internal structures by using a Gamma camera to detect radiation from different parts of the body after a radioactive material is given to the patient

69
Q

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

high strength, computer controlled magnetic fields producing a series of sectional imaging that visualize abnormalities like swelling , infections, tumors, and herniated disks

70
Q

scan

A

image obtained from diagnostic imaging procedures using sensing devices and radioisotopes

71
Q

ant (abbreviation)

A

anterior

72
Q

AP (abbreviation)

A

anteroposterior

73
Q

inf (abbreviation)

A

inferior

74
Q

lat (abbreviation)

A

lateral

75
Q

med (abbreviation)

A

medial

76
Q

PA (abbreviation)

A

posteroanterior

77
Q

sup (abbreviation)

A

superior

78
Q

CT (abbreviation)

A

computed tomography

79
Q

MR (abbreviation)

A

magnetic resonance

80
Q

MRI (abbreviation)

A

magnetic resonance imaging

81
Q

NM (abbreviation)

A

nuclear medicine

82
Q

US (abbreviation)

A

ultrasonography

83
Q

LLQ/ LUQ/ RLQ/ RUQ

A

right/ left upper/lower quadrant

84
Q

list organs in each quadrant

A

RUQ: liver, gallbladder
LUQ: stomach, spleen
RLQ: appendix, cecum
LLQ: sigmoid colon

Medical terminology (12 decks)

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