Chapter 13: Ear Flashcards
ear
organ of hearing and balance; includes the external ear, middle ear, and labyrinth or inner ear
external ear
consists of the auricle and external auditory canal (meatus)
auricle
external, visble part of the ear; directs soundwaves into the external auditory canal
external auditory canal
short tube that ends at the tympanic membrane. the inner part lies within the temporal bone of the skull and contains the glands that secrete earwax
middle ear
consists of the tympanic membrane and the tympanic cavity containg ossicles
tympanic membrane
semitransparent membrane that separates the external auditory canal and the middle ear cavity. the tympanic membrane transmits sound vibrations to the ossicles
ossicles
bones of the middle ear that carry sound vibrations. the ossicles are made of malleus, incus, and stapes. the stapes connect to the oval window which transmits the sound vibrations to the cochlea of the inner ear
eustachian tube
passage between the middle ear and the pharynx; equalizes air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane
inner ear
consists of the labyrinth and connectors of the vestibular and cochlear nerves
labyrinth
bony spaces w/in the temporal bone of the skull made up of 3 distinct parts, the cochlea, the semicircular canals, and the vestibule. the cochlea facilitates hearing.
cochlea
coiled portion of the inner ear containing the sensory organ for hearing; connects to the oval window in the middle ear
semicircular canals and vestibule
sensory organs of balance; contain receptors and endolymph that provide sensory information about the body’s position to maintain equilibrium
vestibulocochlear nerves
paired cranial nerves responsible for hearing and balance; composed of vestibular fibers and cochlear fibers
vestibular nerve
conveys information about position and balance from the semicircular canals and vestibule to the brain
cochlear nerve
conveys information about sound, including volume and frequency from the cochlea to the brain
mastoid bone
portion of the temporal bone of the skull posterior and inferior to each auditory canal; contains mastoid air cells that drain into the middle ear cavity behind the external auditory canal
audi/o
hearing
aur/i
ear
cochle/o
cochlea
labyrinth/o
labyrinth
mastoid/o
mastoid bone
electr/o
electricity, electrical activity
myc/o
fungus
myring/o
tympanic membrane (eardrum)
ot/o
ear
staped/o
stapes
tympan/o
middle ear
vestibul/o
vestibule
py/o
pus
-al
pertaining to
-algia
pain
-ar
pertaining to
-ectomy
excision, surgical removal
-gram
radiographic image
-graphy
radiographic imaging
-itis
inflammation
-logist
one who studies and treats
-logy
study of
-meter
instrument used to measure
-metry
measurement
-osis
abnormal condition
-plasty
surgical repair
-rrhea
flow, discharge
-sclerosis
hardening
-scope
instrument used for visual examination
-scopy
visual examination
-tomy
cut into, incision
labyrinthitis
inflammation of the labyrinth
mastoiditis
inflammation of the mastoid bone
myringitis
inflammation of the tympanic membrane
otalgia
pain in the ear
otomycosis
abnormal condition of fungus in the ear
otopyorrhea
discharge of pus from the ear
otorrhea
discharge from the ear
otosclerosis
hardening of the ear (stapes) (caused by irregular bone development and resulting in hearing loss)
acoustic neuroma
benign tumour w/in the internal auditory canal growing from the acoustic nerve; may cause hearing loss and may damage structures of the cerebellum as it grows
cholesteatoma
cyst like mass composed of epithelial cells and cholesterol occuring in the middle ear; may be associated with chronic otitis media
ménière disease
chronic disease of the inner ear characterized by a sensation of spinning motion, ringing in the ear, aural fullness, and fluctuating hearing loss; symptoms are related to a change in volume or composition of fluid w/in the labyrinth
otitis externa (OE)
inflammation of the outer ear
otitis media (OM)
inflammation of the middle ear
ototoxicity
adverse pharmacological reaction causing damage to the vestibulocochlear nerve; results in abnormalities of hearing and balance
presbycusis
hearing impairment occurring with age
tinnitus
ringing in the ears
vertigo
sense that either one’s own body or the environment is revolving; may indicate inner ear disease
cochlear implant
pertaining to the cochlea implant
labyrinthectomy
excision of the labyrinth
mastoidectomy
excision of the mastoid bone
mastoidotomy
incision into the mastoid bone
myringoplasty
surgical repair of the tympanic membrane
myringotomy
incision into the tympanic membrane (made to relieve pressure in the middle ear by releasing pus or fluid and for the placement of tubes)
otoplasty
surgical repair of the (outer) ear
stapedectomy
excision of the stapes (performed to restore hearing in cases of otosclerosis; stapes are replaced with prosthesis)
tympanoplasty
surgical repair (of the hearing mechanism) of the middle ear
tympanostomy
creation of an artificial opening into the middle ear
audiogram
(graphic) record of hearing
audiometer
instrument used to measure hearing
audiometry
measurement of hearing
electrocochleography
process of recording the electrical activity in the cochlea (in response to sound)
otoscope
instrument used for visual examination of the ear
otoscopy
visual examination of the ear
tympanometer
instrument used to measure middle ear (function)
tympanometry
measurement of middle ear (function)
audiologist
one who studies and specializes in hearing
audiology
study of hearing
otolaryngologist (ENT)
physician who studies. and treats ear, (nose), and larynx (throat)
aural
pertaining to the ear
cochlear
pertaining to the cochlea
otolaryngology
study of the ear, (nose), and larynx (throat) (branch of medicine that treats diseases of ear nose and throat)
vestibular
pertaining to the vestibule
vestibulocochlear
pertaining to the vestibule and the cochlea
AOM
acute otitis media
BPPV
benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
OE
otitis externa
OM
otitis media
ENT
ears, nose, and throat; otolaryngologist
HOH
hard of hearing
organ of hearing and balance; includes the external ear, middle ear, and labyrinth or inner ear
ear
consists of the auricle and external auditory canal (meatus)
external ear
external, visble part of the ear; directs soundwaves into the external auditory canal
auricle
short tube that ends at the tympanic membrane. the inner part lies within the temporal bone of the skull and contains the glands that secrete earwax
external auditory canal
consists of the tympanic membrane and the tympanic cavity containg ossicles
middle ear
semitransparent membrane that separates the external auditory canal and the middle ear cavity. the tympanic membrane transmits sound vibrations to the ossicles
tympanic membrane
bones of the middle ear that carry sound vibrations. the ossicles are made of malleus, incus, and stapes. the stapes connect to the oval window which transmits the sound vibrations to the cochlea of the inner ear
ossicles
passage between the middle ear and the pharynx; equalizes air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane
eustachian tube
consists of the labyrinth and connectors of the vestibular and cochlear nerves
inner ear
bony spaces w/in the temporal bone of the skull made up of 3 distinct parts, the cochlea, the semicircular canals, and the vestibule. the cochlea facilitates hearing.
labyrinth
coiled portion of the inner ear containing the sensory organ for hearing; connects to the oval window in the middle ear
cochlea
sensory organs of balance; contain receptors and endolymph that provide sensory information about the body’s position to maintain equilibrium
semicircular canals and vestibule
paired cranial nerves responsible for hearing and balance; composed of vestibular fibers and cochlear fibers
vestibulocochlear nerves
conveys information about position and balance from the semicircular canals and vestibule to the brain
vestibular nerve
conveys information about sound, including volume and frequency from the cochlea to the brain
cochlear nerve
portion of the temporal bone of the skull posterior and inferior to each auditory canal; contains mastoid air cells that drain into the middle ear cavity behind the external auditory canal
mastoid bone
hearing
audi/o
ear
aur/i
cochlea
cochle/o
labyrinth
labyrinth/o
mastoid bone
mastoid/o
electricity, electrical activity
electr/o
fungus
myc/o
tympanic membrane (eardrum)
myring/o
ear
ot/o
stapes
staped/o
middle ear
tympan/o
vestibule
vestibul/o
pus
py/o
pertaining to
-al
pain
-algia
pertaining to
-ar
excision, surgical removal
-ectomy
radiographic image
-gram
radiographic imaging
-graphy
inflammation
-itis
one who studies and treats
-logist
study of
-logy
instrument used to measure
-meter
measurement
-metry
abnormal condition
-osis
surgical repair
-plasty
flow, discharge
-rrhea
hardening
-sclerosis
instrument used for visual examination
-scope
visual examination
-scopy
cut into, incision
-tomy
inflammation of the labyrinth
labyrinthitis
inflammation of the mastoid bone
mastoiditis
inflammation of the tympanic membrane
myringitis
pain in the ear
otalgia
abnormal condition of fungus in the ear
otomycosis
discharge of pus from the ear
otopyorrhea
discharge from the ear
otorrhea
hardening of the ear (stapes) (caused by irregular bone development and resulting in hearing loss)
otosclerosis
benign tumour w/in the internal auditory canal growing from the acoustic nerve; may cause hearing loss and may damage structures of the cerebellum as it grows
acoustic neuroma
cyst like mass composed of epithelial cells and cholesterol occuring in the middle ear; may be associated with chronic otitis media
cholesteatoma
chronic disease of the inner ear characterized by a sensation of spinning motion, ringing in the ear, aural fullness, and fluctuating hearing loss; symptoms are related to a change in volume or composition of fluid w/in the labyrinth
ménière disease
inflammation of the outer ear
otitis externa (OE)
inflammation of the middle ear
otitis media (OM)
adverse pharmacological reaction causing damage to the vestibulocochlear nerve; results in abnormalities of hearing and balance
ototoxicity
hearing impairment occurring with age
presbycusis
ringing in the ears
tinnitus
sense that either one’s own body or the environment is revolving; may indicate inner ear disease
vertigo
pertaining to the cochlea implant
cochlear implant
excision of the labyrinth
labyrinthectomy
excision of the mastoid bone
mastoidectomy
incision into the mastoid bone
mastoidotomy
surgical repair of the tympanic membrane
myringoplasty
incision into the tympanic membrane (made to relieve pressure in the middle ear by releasing pus or fluid and for the placement of tubes)
myringotomy
surgical repair of the (outer) ear
otoplasty
excision of the stapes (performed to restore hearing in cases of otosclerosis; stapes are replaced with prosthesis)
stapedectomy
surgical repair (of the hearing mechanism) of the middle ear
tympanoplasty
creation of an artificial opening into the middle ear
tympanostomy
(graphic) record of hearing
audiogram
instrument used to measure hearing
audiometer
measurement of hearing
audiometry
process of recording the electrical activity in the cochlea (in response to sound)
electrocochleography
instrument used for visual examination of the ear
otoscope
visual examination of the ear
otoscopy
instrument used to measure middle ear (function)
tympanometer
measurement of middle ear (function)
tympanometry
one who studies and specializes in hearing
audiologist
study of hearing
audiology
physician who studies. and treats ear, (nose), and larynx (throat)
otolaryngologist (ENT)
pertaining to the ear
aural
pertaining to the cochlea
cochlear
study of the ear, (nose), and larynx (throat) (branch of medicine that treats diseases of ear nose and throat)
otolaryngology
pertaining to the vestibule
vestibular
pertaining to the vestibule and the cochlea
vestibulocochlear
acute otitis media
AOM
benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
BPPV
otitis externa
OE
otitis media
OM
ears, nose, and throat; otolaryngologist
ENT
hard of hearing
HOH
