Chapter 3-Digestion Flashcards
What are the types of tissues?
Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous, etc.
What is the definition of an Organ?
Combination of one or more types of tissues to for more complex structures
What is the organ system?
Several organs that work together, such as the digestive system.
What is the epithelial tissue?
Composed of cells that cover the surface of your body. It lines the respiratory tract and secretes substances, absorbs nutrients, excretes waste.
What does the Connective tissue do?
Supports and protects the body, stores fat, and produces blood cells
What does the muscle tissue do?
It is designed for movement
What does Nervous tissue do?
It is found in the brain and spinal cord. It is designed to communicate with the body
What are the parts of the digestive tract?
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, colon, anus
What are the digestive system’s accessory organs?
Liver, pancreas, gallbladder, bile duct, pancreatic duct
What does the mouth do in digestion?
It does mechanical digestion, and the salivary amylase break down the food
What happen in the esophagus during digestion?
It is where food becomes chime. There is peristalsis that move the chime to the stomach
What does the stomach do during digestion?
Acid breaks down food, secretions primarily process protein. The lining has to be resistant to the acid
Where is saliva and what does it do?
In the mouth, contains enzymes that contribute to starch and fat digestion. It also provides lubrication for swallowing
Where is and what does mucus do?
It’s in the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, it protects the GI tract cells and lubricates
Where are and what do enzymes do?
In the mouth, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. It promotes digestion of carbs, fats, proteins, into forms small enough for absorption
Where and what does acid do?
It is in the stomach. It promotes digestion of protein, destroys pathogens, solubizes some minerals, and activates some enzymes.
Where and what does bile do?
It is made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It aids fat digestion in the small intestine by suspending fat in water with bile acids, cholesterol, and phospholipids
Where is and what does bicarbonate do?
In the pancreas and small intestine. It neutralizes stomach acid when it reaches small intestine and chyme.
Where and what do hormones do?
In the stomach, small intestine, and pancreas. It stimulates production and release of acid, enzymes, bile, and bicarbonate. Helps regulate movement of food matter.
What is the intrinsic factor?
It is in the stomach. Facilitates absorption of vitamin b12
What is chyme?
Food, acids, and secretions
What does peristalsis do?
It moves chyme down esophagus into the stomach
What does the pancreas do?
Digests carbs, fats, and protein
What is exocrim?
Outside of the digestion tract, it makes secretions out of the body into the digestive tract
What is endocrim?
It produces something that goes into the blood (hormones), Produces insulin and glucagon
What are the products of digestion?
Amino acids, simple sugars, fatty acids, cholesterol, vitamins, minerals, and water
What happens in the small intestine during digestion?
Most digestion and absorption occur here. There are fingerlike projections that increase surface area. CV system used to absorb nutrients
What are nutrients used for?
For energy, structure, and regulation
What are prebiotics?
Foods that nourish the bacteria in your gut
What are probiotics?
Healthy bacteria that reside in your gut, can be found in some foods
What are postbiotics?
Metabolites produced by beneficial bacteria
Where is gluten found?
Wheat, Rye, and Barley
What are symptoms of Celic Disease?
Abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, dermatitis, weight loss, depression, fatigue
How do you get diagnosed for Celiac?
tTGA, EMA, or biopsy
What are treatments for celiac disease?
Gluten-Free Diet
