Chapter 1 Flashcards
What does Essential mean in nutrition?
A nutrient that is necessary and can only be obtained through your diet
What is the #1 Cause of Death?
Heart Disease
What is the #2 Cause of Death?
Cancer
What is the #3 Cause of Death?
Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease
What is the #4 Cause of Death?
Accidents
What is the #5 Cause of Death?
Stroke
What is the #6 Cause of Death
Alzheimer’s Disease
What of the 6 leading causes of death are related to food intake?
Heart Disease, Cancer, Stroke, & Alzheimer’s Disease
What are the 6 Major Nutrients?
Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats/Oils, Vitamins, Minerals, & Water
What are the energy providing nutrients?
Carbs, Fats, & Protein
How many kcals in Carbohydrates?
4kcal per gram
How many kcals in Fats?
9kcal per gram
How many kcals in Protein?
4kcal per gram
How many kcals in Alcohol?
7kcal per gram
What does a kcal do?
It gives energy to the body and 1kcal can raise water 1 degree Celsius
What are the regulatory/micronutrients?
Vitamins and minerals, water is regulatory but not a micronutrient
What are the steps in the scientific method?
Observations, hypothesis, Research experiments conducted, results evaluated and reported in publication, follow-up experiments, hypothesis accepted or rejected.
What is a Sham Treatment?
When people are given a harmless medication/placebo in place of actual tested medication
What is a blinded experiment?
When the subjects don’t know they are in the experiment.
What is Anecdotal Evidence?
Evidence that is interesting but is not scientific. There can be no conclusions drawn from it.
What is a control group?
A group where all the subjects are similar in every aspect.
What is it called when two factors increase in an experiment?
A direct positive
What is an intervention study?
When the influences cannot be controlled or there are limitations that affect the quality of the study
What are the types of studies?
Case Control, Laboratory Animal Studies, Human Studies, Epidemiological (population based), Observational
What are the two types of observational studies?
Cross sectional- looks at one point in time
Cohort- follows a group over time
-Prospective (future)
-Retrospective (past)
