Chapter 15- Infancy to Adolescence

Question 1

What happens at 0-4 months old and what can they eat?

Answer 1

They can turn their head and have the tongue thrust reflex. They can only have breastmilk or formula

Question 2

When are infants able to eat solid foods? (puree)

Answer 2

around 6 months, ONLY if they can control their head and sit up

Question 3

What do you feed infants at 6 months who can eat solids?

Answer 3

Iron fortified cereal (puree)

Question 4

When does the tongue thrust reflex diminish?

Answer 4

around 4-6 months

Question 5

What texture can 6-8 month old’s food be?

Answer 5

mashed-lumpy

Question 6

What should an infant be able to do at 6-8 months?

Answer 6

hold their own bottle, grab food, sit up on their own

Question 7

At what age can an infant have milk and honey?

Answer 7

at 12 months

Question 8

Why would honey be dangerous before 12 months?

Answer 8

Can cause Botulism

Question 9

What texture should the food of an 8-10 month old be?

Answer 9

mashed, lumpy, chopped

Question 10

What texture can a 10-12 month old’s food be?

Answer 10

chopped to table food

Question 11

What should a 10-12 month old be able to do?

Answer 11

hold their own spoon

Question 12

What supplements does a baby need, and when?

Answer 12

Vitamin D (within first 6 months)
Vitamin K (at birth)
Iron (4 months- breastfed, 6 months-formula fed)
Fluoride (6 months if not in water supply)

Question 13

Why does a baby need vitamin D?

Answer 13

Bone development and because it is not in breastmilk

Question 14

Why does a baby need Vitamin K?

Answer 14

for proper blood clotting (injection at birth)

Question 15

Why do babies need iron supplements?

Answer 15

Motor development, behaviors. Only those who are breastfed

Question 16

Is BMI measured the same for children as adults?

Answer 16

No

Question 17

How do you measure BMI for children?

Answer 17

Plot it on a growth chart

Question 18

What is overweight BMI for children?

Answer 18

Above 85th percentile, below 95th percentile

Question 19

What is considered an Obese BMI for children?

Answer 19

Above 95th percentile

Question 20

What are prevention and treatment methods in food for childhood obesity?

Answer 20

Eat breakfast every day, fruits and veggies, limit sugar sweetened drinks, limit frequency of meals outside the home, food habits need to be followed by the whole family

Question 21

What is physical activity recommended for children?

Answer 21

60 mins/day

Question 22

How much screen time should children be limited to per day?

Answer 22

2 hours

Question 23

What are behavior methods that can prevent childhood obesity?

Answer 23

Have family meals 5-6 times a week, get enough sleep (not too much), parents’ model good behaviors, make changes as a family

Question 24

What are timing practices for food?

Answer 24

3 meals a day (3-4hrs apart), 2-3 TIMED snacks. Avoid constant eating/grazing

Question 25

What are some eating practices?

Answer 25

Plan meals with variety, color, texture. Also try new foods

Question 26

What leads to better nutrient intake?

Answer 26

a wide variety of foods in the diet

Question 27

How do you introduce new foods to kids?

Answer 27

one at a time, no bribes, be patient

Question 28

How much juice can a child have each day?

Answer 28

No more than 4-6 oz per day

Question 29

How do you get kids to have healthy eating habits?

Answer 29

Eat as a family
variety
let kids choose from nutritious foods already made

Question 30

How do you know your child is eating enough?

Answer 30

If they are active, alert, and growing (according to chart)

Question 31

What are choking hazards for kids?

Answer 31

Grapes, peanut butter, nuts, hot dogs, popcorn, round foods

Question 32

What are the Top 8 allergens?

Answer 32

Milk, Eggs, Fish, Crustacean Shellfish, Tree nuts, Peanuts, Wheat, and Soy

Question 33

What are allergies triggered by?

Answer 33

An immune system response

Question 34

What percent of kids have allergies to food?

Answer 34

6%, most grow out of it by age 5

Question 35

What percent of adults have true food allergies?

Answer 35

2%

Question 36

Do the top 8 allergens have to be on nutrition labels?

Answer 36

Yes

Question 37

What can cause dental carries?

Answer 37

Dates, candy, sugary drinks

Question 38

How can you prevent dental carries?

Answer 38

Brushing, flossing, limit snacking between meals, snack on high fiber foods