Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

An example of a Necrotroph/non-obligate parasite is _________

A
  • chestnut blight
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2
Q

In ectomycorrhizae the fungus is _______ plant cells

A
  • inside
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3
Q

A type of saprotrophic fungi that can be grown on dead stuff are _____________

A
  • cultivated mushrooms
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4
Q

In ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae carbon(sugars) flow from _______ to __________, fungus absorbs _________ and ______ and moves to plant, ________ surface area, the fungus protects the roots

A
  • plant to fungus
  • nutrients and water
  • increases
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5
Q

Mutualism

A
  • two organisms of different species in a relationship in which each individual benefits from the activity of the other
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6
Q

In a mutualistic __________ relationship it is obligate, it cannot grow fungus by itself without the plant

A
  • endomycorrhizae
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7
Q

____________ are nutrient recyclers, provide nutrients for living plants, help create soil, and remove material/debris from environment

A
  • saprotrophs
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8
Q

Commensalism

A
  • one organism benefits from association (may obtain nutrients, shelter, support, locomotion), the other is unaffected
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9
Q

Two examples of biotroph/obligate parasites are ____________ and ____________

A
  • ectomycorrhizae and rusts
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10
Q

The majority of plant pathogens are ____________ and can grow fungus in culture without a host

A
  • nectrotrophs
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11
Q

Symbiosis

A
  • the interaction of two or more unlike organisms in close proximity, often over a long period of time
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12
Q

Necrotroph/non-obligate parasites

A
  • parasitic fungi that derive their nutrients and energy from dead cells of other organisms (the hosts)
  • does not require another living organism to live and multiply
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13
Q

There is a mutualistic relationship between _________ and _______

A
  • fungi (myco)

- plant roots (rhizae)

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14
Q

Why do your plants need mycorrhizae fungi?

A
  • they are beneficial and form a symbiotic relationship with plant roots
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15
Q

Two major types of a mutualistic relationship with Mycorrhizae

A
  1. Ectomycorrhizae

2. Endomycorrhizae

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16
Q

Saprotroph

A
  • organism that uses dead organic material for food
17
Q

Biotroph/obligate parasites

A
  • organisms that can live and multiply only on another living organism
18
Q

Parasitism

A
  • one organism benefits at the expense of the other
19
Q

In a mutualistic ___________ relationship it is not obligate, can grow fungus by itself

A
  • ectomycorrhizae
20
Q

___________ refers to mushrooms that are not cultivated, because they are mycorrhizal

A
  • wild mushrooms
21
Q

_________ are obligate fungal parasites that require one or two hosts to live and multiply, obligate(can not grow by itself)

A
  • rusts
22
Q

Types of symbiosis

A
  1. Parasitism
  2. Mutualism
  3. Commensalism