Chapter 3 Flashcards
Cognitive System
A conscious, rational, and controlled system of thinking.
Experiential system
An unconscious, intuitive, and automatic system of thinking.
Dual Process theories
Theories that are used to explain a wide range of phenomena by positing two ways of processing information.
Heuristics
Mental short cuts, rules of thumb, that we use when making judgments and decisions.
Implicit attitudes
Automatic associations based on previous learning through the experiential system.
Explicit attitudes
Attitudes people are consciously aware of through the cognitive system.
Somatic marker hypothesis
The idea that changes in the body, experiences as emotion, guide decision making.
Categories
Mental “containers” in which people place things that are similar to each other.
Schema
A mental structure, stored in memory, that is based on prior knowledge.
Scripts
Schemas about an event that specify the typical sequence of actions that take place.
Impressions
Schemas people have about other individuals.
Self-concept
A schema people have about themselves.
Accessibility
The ease with which people can bring an idea into consciousness and use it in thinking.
Salience
The aspect of a schema that is active in one’s mind and, consciously or not, colors perceptions and behavior.
Priming
The process by which exposure to a stimulus in the environment increases the salience of a schema.
