Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSYCH 350 > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

We ___ to be part of a stable, healthy bonds with family members, romantic partners, and friends in order to function normally.

A

need

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Psychological need

A

A mechanism for regulating behavior to acquire the tangible pr intangible resources necessarily for survival and well-being.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Need to belong is satiable: What kind of friendships does one need?

A

Just a few that are lasting and caring, and whey they have them they are less motivated to form additional relationships.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many close relationships does one have?

A

Face-to-face interactions might take place with only about six people.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The need to belong is satisfied in what way? Expound

A

Flexible ways.

When people are unable to satisfy their need to belong in existing relationships they turn to other relationships.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Expound on When the Need to Belong Is Satisfied, People Thrive

A

Feeling connected to others promotes an individuals mental and physical health. Have higher self-esteem, feel happier, more satisfied with life, better mental health, increased physical health.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Need to belong is unmet brings what?

A

Decrease in physical and mental health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Loneliness

A

Feeling that one is deprived of human social interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

People claim to feel more fulfilled in an ____ relationship than they do when in no relationship at all

A

unhappy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Loneliness can lead to what?

A

Alcohol, drugs, depression, eating disorders, schizophrenia, weaker immune system, smoking, obesity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

4 pieces of evidence that the need to have intimate bonds with others has an evolutionary basis.

A
  1. The motive to belong is universal
  2. Innate affiliation behaviors
  3. Rejection hurts- literally
  4. Reproduction success
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Rejection sensitivity

A

A dispositional tendency to have an especially strong fear of being rejected or evaluated negatively by others.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Propinquity effect

A

Increase likelihood of forming relationships with people who are physically close

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Caveat to Propinquity effect

A

Can form close relationships over internet but face-to-face it more important for mental health and life satisfaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Reward model of liking

A

Proposing that people like other people whom they associate with positive stimuli and dislike people whom they associate with negative stimuli.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Attributes of others that increase our attraction to them

A

Transference
Culturally Valued Attributes
Personality Traits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Transference

A

A tendency to map on, or transfer, feelings for a person who is known onto someone new who resembles that person in some way.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Culturally valued attributes

A

Drawn to characteristics in others that our culture deems valuable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Personality traits that are preferred

A

Friendliness, Honesty, warmth, kindness, intelligence, sense of humor, emotional stability, reliability, ambition, openness, extraversion
Which ones are most important will depend on the type of relationship.
This might be because our culture tells us these are most important

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Attraction to those who fulfill needs

A 
Similarity in attitudes
Perceived verses actual similarity 
Similarity in Perception
If you like me, Ill like you
Flattery
21
Q

Similarity in attitudes

A

Bolsters our worldview and self-esteem

Perceived similarity can increase attraction and Attraction can increase perceived similarity

22
Q

Perceived verse actual similiarty

A

Important is perceived similarity for attraction and relationship

23
Q

Similarity in perceptions: What is the “I”?

A

Subjective point of view of the world

We “i-share” with others when we believe that our subjective experiences of the world are the same

24
Q

If you like me, I’ll like you!

A

A key factor to falling in love or forming a friendship was finding out the other person liked you.
Even a stronger factor to attraction toward someone than attitude is
Reason for this: increases self-esteem and anticipation for reward

25
Q

Flattery

A

We like those that compliment us. Sometimes seeing an ulterior motive can ruin that.

26
Q

Gain-loss theory

A

A theory of attraction that posits that liking is highest for others when they increase their positively toward you over time.
Compliments more powerful from those we don’t know. Criticism more powerful from those we do know.

27
Q

Is physical attraction important for getting relationships started?

A

Yes. For this initial spark. However, attractiveness matters less for sustaining our interest over time.

28
Q

Why is physical attraction important?

A

Sexual appeal, more pleasant to look at, first thing we notice/know about someone as it takes no time, can BIRG.

29
Q

Physical attractiveness stereotype/ Halo effect

A

A tendency to assume that people with one positive attribute (physically attractive) also have other positive traits.

30
Q

Common denominators of attractive faces

A

What is found as attractI’ve varies within and across culture
But people generally agree about who is and isn’t attractive
The average effect
Symmetry

31
Q

Averageness effect

A

THe tendency to perceive a composite image of multiple faced that have been photographically averaged as more attractive than any individuals face inclued in that composite

32
Q

What do men find as attractive?

A

Signs of fertility:

Someone younger, baby face features/maturity featured. Wait to hit ratio- 0.7.

33
Q

What do women find as attractive?

A

Sings of masculinity and power. Same age or older. Hip to waist ratio of 0.9. Height preference for taller.

34
Q

Women’s preference influency by menstrual cycle

A

Few days after ovulation: more masculine featured

Ovulatory phase: deeper voices, assertive, confident, doninant

35
Q

Do men prefer beauty? Do women prefer status?

A

Some evidence says yes. Other research suggest maybe not.

36
Q

Attractiveness with status and access to scarce resources

A

Attributes associated with having high status seen as more attractive. Light skin for darker complexions, darker skin for lighter complexions, when scares resources men want heavier women, when abundance in resources men want thinner women.

37
Q

Media on attractiveness

A

Men more common with media but women more likely to be physically attractive and be in revealing clothing

38
Q

Attraction and living up to unrealistic ideals

A

Hurt our image of others and ourselves. Media standards become what we see as valued. Leads to objectifying women

39
Q

Men vs women: Feelings/thoughts about sex

A

Men say more that they would enjoy casual sex outside context of a committed relationship. Women prefer to be in an emotionally intimate relationship.
Losing virginity: Men cant wait, 1/3 have mixed feelings. Women most are ambivalent, some opposed, 1/3 look forward to it.
Going on a date and regretting not having sex: More men than women regret it
In a relationship: Men want to start having sex sooner than women, want more sex, and more likely to express dissatisfaction with amount of sex they are having.

40
Q

Men vs women: Sex drives

A

Men experience sexual desires more often and more intensely, seek out sexual activity more, spend more time fantasizing about sex.
Men spend more money on sex.
Men masturbate more.
Men more likely to be unfaithful to romantic partner.
Men more likely to have multiple partners: polygamy

41
Q

Parental investment

A

The time and effort that parents must invest in each child they produce.
Influences what reproduce success means for men and women.

42
Q

Mating strategies

A

Approaches to mating that help people reproduce successfully. People prefer different mating strategies depending on whether they are thinking about a short-term pairing or a log-term pairing.

43
Q

Cultural Influences: Reasons for having sex

A

Enhance physical or emotional pleasure, to foster intimacy, to affirm ones self-worth, to cope with negative emotions, and to gain partner or peer approval.

44
Q

Cultural Influences: When sex is appropriate

A

Today most don’t wait for marriage, but still many believe its more acceptable if in a committed, affectionate relationship

45
Q

Early Research on infidelity

A

Men more lope;y yo be upset if they caught their partner sleeping around
Women more likely to be upset if they learned their partner had fallen in love with someone else

46
Q

Mate guarding

A

The process of preventing others from mating with ones partner in order to avoid the cost of rearing offspring that do not help to propagate ones genes

47
Q

Modern Research on infidelity

A

When asking about kinds of infidelity independent of each other instead of having people choose, differences between sex disappear.

48
Q

Research on infidelity

A

Controversial

PSYCH 350 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions