Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 112 > Chapter 29 - PP > Flashcards

Chapter 29 - PP Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Kingdom Plantae:

a. multicellular, photosynthetic autotrophs
b. cell walls of cellulose, starch for storage
c. terrestrial, obtain nutrients from soil, oxygen and CO2 from air through stomata
d. lignin - compound binds cellulose and hardens/strengthens cell walls
e. sporopollenin - structural integrity for pollen/plant spores
f. internal fertilization (empryophytes)

A

Kingdom Plantae:

a. multicellular, photosynthetic autotrophs
b. cell walls of cellulose, starch for storage
c. terrestrial, obtain nutrients from soil, oxygen and CO2 from air through stomata
d. lignin - compound binds cellulose and hardens/strengthens cell walls
e. sporopollenin - structural integrity for pollen/plant spores
f. internal fertilization (empryophytes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

T/F The kingdom Plantae typically includes organisms that are multicellular

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Kingdom Plantae organisms obtain __ from the soil and it obtains ___ and ___ from the air through stomata

A

a. nutrients, CO2, oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

kingdom plantae: a compound that binds cellulose and hardens and strengthens cell walls

A

lignin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What provides structural integrity for pollen and plant spores?

A

Sporopollenin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In the Kingdom Plantae, the organism cell walls are typically made of what?

A

cellulose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

You find a multicellular, photosynthetic autotrophic organism that has internal fertilization. What kingdom is this organism probably part of?

A

Kingdom Plantae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Gametophyte (multicellular ______)

Sporophyte (multicellular ____)

A

haploid

diploid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Spore-producing

A

diploid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

You cannot do _______ unless you are diploid to begin with (sporophyte)

A

meiosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sporophyte: a diploid is going through meiosis to produce haploid gametophytes

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In ___, gametophytes (multicellular haploids) go through mitosis to produce sporophytes (multicellular diploid)

A

mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T/F Fertilization requires two haploid spores.

A

False, two gametes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Kingdom Plantae: The moment you have zygotes, they are essentially ____

A

sporophytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Multicellular haploid

Multicellular diploid

A

gametes,

sporophytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Vridiplantae are composed of what two large sub-categories?

A

green algae

embryophytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q 
LAND Plants
List three main nonvascular plants (\_\_\_\_\_\_\_)
a.
b.
c.
Name four vascular plants
a.
b.
c.
d.
List the two seedless vascular plants
a
b.
List the two seed plants
a. 
b.
A 
Bryophytes
Three main nonvascular plants
a. liverworts
b. mosses
c. hornworts
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Four vascular plants:
a. lycophytes
b. monilophytes
c. gymnosperms
d. angiosperms
Two seedless vascular plants
a. lycophytes
b. monilophytes (terrifytes)
Seed plants
a. gymnosperms
b. angiosperms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Club mosses, spike mosses, and quill worts are all part of what sub-category of seedless vascular land plants?

A

lycophytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Gymnosperms and angiosperms are both plants in what sub-category of ____ land plants?

A

a. seed plants, vascular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

T/F Hornworts, mosses, and liverworts are part of the seedless vascular marine plants.

A

False. Hornworts, mosses and liverworts are part of the nonvascular bryophytes on LAND

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The typical moss is part of what sub-category and main category of plants?

A

Nonvascular plants (bryophytes),

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The typical moss is part of what sub-category and main category of plants?

A

Nonvascular plants (bryophytes),

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which sub-category of non-vascular plants (bryophytes) include the largest number of known species?

A

Mosses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Brophyta is what taxonomic category?

A

Phylum

25
Q

Why phylum has the largest number of known species in the land plants?

A

Angiosperms - Phylum Anthophyta

26
Q

most “primitive” embryophytes

A

Bryophytes

27
Q

Gametophytes:
Male gametophytes are called _____ and they produce ___
Female gametophytes are called __ and they produce ___

A

antheridia, sperm

archegonia, eggs

28
Q

Sporophytes -> _____ (____ are formed)

A

sporangia, spores

29
Q

For Bryophytes, what is absolutely necessary for fertilization to occur?

A

water

30
Q

In many plants, lignin fills the space in between the cell wall between cellulose. Do Bryophytes have this lignin?

A

No

31
Q

Name the three divisions of Bryophytes

A

Bryophyta
Hepatophyta
Anthocerophyta

32
Q

T/F Archegonia gametophytes produce sperm

A

False. Antheridia gametophytes (Phylum Bryophytes) produce sperm

33
Q

In many plants, what fills the pace in the cell wall between cellulose?

A

lignin

34
Q

You find. moss that is very soft. What may this be due to?

A

Moss is part of the Phylum Bryophyta. Bryophyta lack lignin (which typically fills the space in between the cell wall between cellulose), so the moss is less structurally stiff.

35
Q

Phylum Bryophyta: Mosses

a. gametophyte _______
b. form mats of tightly packed __
b. no true __, _____, or ____
c. both gametophytes and sporophytes are ____
d. Sphagnum are ecologically important
- —–> dry/peat moss, hold water/soil, wound treatment - acidic absorptive

A

a. dominant, plants, roots, leaves, stems, large

36
Q

You find a dry peat moss in the forest. It holds water and soil and when you use it to help a bleeding hemophiliac, it absorbs the gushing blood. What genus is this and in what category of the Phylum Bryophyta is this organism?

A

Sphagnum, peat moss

37
Q

You find a forest organism that has no true stems, leaves or roots. Both its gametophyte and sporophyte are large. What sub-category and Phylum may this organism be in?

A

moss, Bryophyta

38
Q

Describe the difference between gametophyte and sporophyte:

A

A gametophyte is one of the two alternating phases in the life cycle of plants and algae. It is a haploid multicellular organism that develops from a haploid spore that has one set of chromosomes. The gametophyte is the sexual phase in the life cycle of plants and algae. It develops sex organs that produce gametes, haploid sex cells that participate in fertilization to form a diploid zygote which has two sets of chromosomes. Cell division of the zygote results in a new diploid multicellular organism, the second stage in the life cycle known as the sporophyte, the function of which is to produce haploid spores by meiosis.

39
Q

Most mosses have separate ___ and ____ gametophytes, with __ and _____, respectively

A

male, female, antheridia, archegonia

40
Q

Within the Phylum Bryophyta, fertilization occurs within what structure?

A

archegonium

41
Q

the female sex organ in mosses, liverworts, ferns, and most conifers.

A

archegonium

42
Q

is a multicellular structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants, producing and containing the ovum or female gamete

A

archegonium

43
Q

the male sex organ of algae, mosses, ferns, fungi, and other nonflowering plants.

A

antheridium

44
Q

A haploid structure or organ producing and containing male gametes.

A

antheridium

45
Q

During fertilization, the __ zygote develops not a sporophyte embryo within the _____

A

diploid, archegonium

46
Q

During fertilization, the sporophyte remains nutritionally dependent on the _____

A

gametophyte

47
Q

Know the difference between archegonia and antheridium (pictures)

A

Know

48
Q

The colloquial term for Hepatophyta

A

Liverworts

49
Q

Hepatophyta: _____

a. inconspicuous, lobe-shaped ____
b. almost never far from _____
c. reproduce like _____
d. asexual reproduction by ____ in gammae cups

A

Liverworts

a. thallus
b. water
c. mosses
d. gamma

50
Q

Are terophyta and spenophyta different classifications?

A

Yes

51
Q

Abundant in fossil record, some up to 15 m long

A

Horsetails - Equisetum

52
Q

Cross section of horsetail’s stem - KNOW

A

KNOW

53
Q

Pterophyta - Ferns

a. Well represented in the tropics (abundant), many extant, greatest diversity in tropics
b. Ferns often with very large leaves (fronds) often highly divided
c. Size: small to as large as small trees (tree ferns)
d. Sporangia on underside of fronds, arranged in sori, covered in various ways or naked

A

Pterophyta - Ferns

a. Well represented in the tropics (abundant), many extant, greatest diversity in tropics
b. Ferns often with very large leaves (fronds) often highly divided
c. Size: small to as large as small trees (tree ferns)
d. Sporangia on underside of fronds, arranged in sori, covered in various ways or naked

54
Q

____________ - Ferns

a. Well represented in the ___ (abundant), many extant, greatest diversity in tropics
b. Ferns often with very ____ leaves (fronds) often highly ____
c. Size: small to as large as small trees (tree ferns)
d. ______ on underside of fronds, arranged in ____, covered in various ways or naked

A

Pterophyta, tropics
large, divided
Sporangia, sori

55
Q

Why are ferns afraid of club mosses?

A

Club mosses “lycophyta” pterophyta who are terrified to fight

56
Q

Sori - “a sight for sore eyes”

A

Know where this is

57
Q

a member of a group of vascular plants that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers. They differ from mosses by being vascular, i.e., having specialized tissues that conduct water and nutrients, in having branched stems and in having life cycles in which the sporophyte is the dominant phase

A

Ferns

58
Q

Exam: Be able to identify “terophyta” and a picture of “sori” which contains a lot of “sporangia”

A

…fill this in

Biology 112 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions