Chap. 27 PP Flashcards
Genetic variation in bacterial populations cannot result from:
a. transduction
b. conjugation
c. mutation
d. meiosis
d. meiosis
Photoautotrophs use
a. light as an energy source and CO2 as a carbon source
b. light as an energy source and methane as a carbon source
c. N2 as an energy source and CO2 as a carbon source
d. CO2 as both an energy source and a carbon source
a. light as an energy source and CO2 as a carbon source
Which of the following statements is not true?
a. Archaea and bacteria have different membrane lipids
b. the cell walls of archaea lack peptidoglycan
c. only bacteria have histones associated with DNA
d. only some archaea use CO2 to oxidize H2, releasing methane
c. only bacteria have histones associated with DNA
Which of the following involves metabolic cooperation among prokaryotic cells? a. binary fission b. endospore formation c biofilms d. photoautotrophy
c. biofilms
Bacteria perform the following ecological roles. Which role typically does not involve symbiosis?
a. skin commensalist
b. decomposer
c. gut mutualist
d. pathogen
b. decomposer
Plantlike photosynthesis that releases O2 occurs in
a. cyanobacteria
b. gram-positive bacteria
c. archaea
d. chemoautotrophic bacteria
a. cyanobacteria
Name the three shapes of cells and what they look like
coccoid, bacillus, spiral
Cyanobacteria are _____; only O2 generating
photoautotrophic
Are cyanobacteria found in saltwater?
No. They are mostly found in freshwater
Do all species of cyanobacteria fix nitrogen via heterocysts?
No, only some species of cyanobacteria fix nitrogen via heterocysts.
T/F Cyanobacteria have flagella and do not glide.
False. Cyanobacteria do not have flagella and glide, instead
Some forms of ___ are multicellular with specialization.
Some species of cyanobacteria are multicellular with specialization
Some species of cyanobacteria fix nitrogen via what?
Heterocysts (large, transparent, thick cell wall)
What are spirochetes
A flexible, spirally twisted bacterium, especially one that causes syphilis
Treponema pallida has what common name? This is what type of bacterium?
Syphilis; Spirochete
What type of spirochete is associated with periodontal disease?
Treponema denticola
A non-pathogenic spirochete associated with periodontal disease:
Treponema denticola
Borrelia burgdorferi
Lyme’s disease
Is chlamydia a sexually transmitted disease?
Yes
Obligate intracellular parasites of animals
Chlamydia
For chlamydias, all of its ATP comes from where?
Host
What are the symptoms of Chlamydia trachoma’s?
Blindness, STD
Chlamydias are obligate _____ parasites of animals
intracellular
T/F Chlamydia lack peptidoglycan in walls
True
Regarding gram stains, what is unique about chlamydias?
Chlamydias are gram negative but lack peptidoglycan in walls
Which definition fits Spirochete?
a. A flexible, spirally twisted bacterium, especially one that causes syphilis
b. Obligate intracellular parasites of animals
a. flexible, spirally twisted bacterium, especially one that causes syphilis
What is an example of an emerging pathogen?
a. HIV
b. Ebola
c. Legionnaire’s disease
c. Legionnaire’s Disease
PP: name an example of a bacterium causing a public health problem in developing nations:
Salmonella typhi
List three reasons for the growing resistance of antibiotics?
a. antibiotics in agriculture
b. inappropriate or improper use of antibiotics
c. hospitals as reservoirs of resistance
Name two non-special tests to identify bacteria in a medical staining?
morphology
gram stain
When identify a bacteria in a medical setting, what will each culture require to grow?
nutrients, oxygen
Motility
Hemolytic ability
Other stains
…there are all examples of what?
tests to identify bacteria in a medical setting
T/F Antibiotic susceptibility can be used to identify bacteria in a medical setting
True
Why are prokaryotes important?
a. extremely important in detrital food chain
Why are numerous species of prokaryotes overlooked?
They are resistant to culturing
Know the cell wall’s parts
peptidoglycan, outer membrane, cytoplasm, cytoplasmic membrane
When a bacteria is gram-positive, what can you know about the cell wall?
There is one plasma membrane and a thin peptidoglycan layer (thin cell wall)
When a bacteria is gram-negative, how many membranes does it have? What color will the test be? What two membranes does it have?
Two membranes, pink, outer membrane, plasma membrane
A _____ is the polysaccharide layer that lies outside the cell envelope
Capsules
A polysaccharide layer that lies outside the cell envelope
Capsule (cell membrane and cell wall)
Rotary movement, propulsion, arrangement Helical filaments (spirochetes) In periplasmic space between membranes
Flagella
