Chapter 27

Question 1

Do active phagocytosis as part of the mononuclear phagocyte system; process and present antigens; participate in wound healing

Answer 1

macrophages

Question 2

Process antigens and present them to lymphocytes

Answer 2

dendritic cells

Question 3

Produce antibodies against specific antigens

Answer 3

B Lymphocytes (plasma cells)

Question 4

Kill tumor cells and virus-infected cells

Answer 4

natural Killer cells

Question 5

Precursor cells for macrophages

Answer 5

Monocytes

Question 6

Do phagocytosis early in inflammation; kill bacteria

Answer 6

Neutrophils

Question 7

defend against parasites

Answer 7

eosinophils

Question 8

Mature erythrocytes ____ a nucleus; mature neutrophils have a ____ nucleus.

Answer 8

do not have; multilobed

Question 9

Neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils are ___; immature neutrophils are called ___.

Answer 9

granulocytes; bands

Question 10

The term hematopoiesis refers to production of ___ and occurs primarily in the ___ after birth.

Answer 10

blood cells; bone marrow

Question 11

In the bone marrow, hematopoietic stem cells in the ___ niche are active, but hematopoietic stem cells in the ___ niche are dormat.

Answer 11

vascular, osteoblastic

Question 12

Each hemoglobin A molecule consists of ___ globin chains, and ___ hemes; in order to bind oxygen, the iron portion of heme must be ___.

Answer 12

four; four; ferrous Fe++

Question 13

The hormone ___ regulates absorption of dietary iron; after absorption, iron circulates attached to ___, and is stored inside cells attached to ___; large amounts of this intracellular iron complex gather as ___.

Answer 13

hepcidin; transferrin; ferritin; hemosiderin

Question 14

Nitric oxcide and prostacyclin ___ platelet adhesion and aggregation; thromboxane A2, epinephrine, thrombin, and collagen ___ platelet adhesion and aggregation.

Answer 14

inhibit; trigger

Question 15

Type of lymphoid organ in the spleen is primary or secondary?

Answer 15

secondary

Question 16

Type of lymphoid organ in the thymus is primary or secondary?

Answer 16

primary

Question 17

Type of lymphoid organ in the lymph nodes is primary or secondary?

Answer 17

secondary

Question 18

Type of lymphoid organ in the peyer patches (gut-associated lymphoid tissue) is primary or secondary?

Answer 18

secondary

Question 19

Type of lymphoid organ in the tonsils is primary or secondary?

Answer 19

secondary

Question 20

Type of lymphoid organ in the bone marrow is primary or secondary?

Answer 20

primary

Question 21

What happens when platelets are exposed to subendothelial collagen?

Answer 21

platelets to adhere to injured area

Question 22

What is plasma?

Answer 22

Liquid portion of blood with its dissolved substances

Question 23

What is serum?

Answer 23

Plasma minus the clotting factors

Question 24

What is a multipotent stem cell?

Answer 24

A cell that can differentiate into many different types of cells

Question 25

What is a hematopoietic stem cell?

Answer 25

A cell that can differentiate into only one of the various types of blood cells

Question 26

What is a reticulocyte?

Answer 26

It is a immature erythrocyte that has a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes

Question 27

What is an erythrocyte?

Answer 27

It is fully mature and does not have any of the organelles.

Question 28

What is ferritin?

Answer 28

A protein that binds and stores iron

Question 29

What is apoferritin?

Answer 29

It is ferritin that does not have the iron attached

Question 30

Normal cell division, that includes DNA replication, anaphase and cytokinesis

Answer 30

mitosis

Question 31

Type of cell division done by megakaryocyte progenitors in which DNA occurs, but anaphase, and cytokinesis are blocked, thus producing a cell with a large polypliod nucleus and numerous organelles that fragments into platelets.

Answer 31

endomitosis

Question 32

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a erythrocyte?

Answer 32

myeloid

Question 33

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a natural killer cell?

Answer 33

lymphoid

Question 34

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a eosinophil?

Answer 34

myeloid

Question 35

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a monocyte?

Answer 35

myeloid

Question 36

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a T-cell?

Answer 36

lymphoid

Question 37

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a neutrophil?

Answer 37

myeloid

Question 38

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a basophil?

Answer 38

myeloid

Question 39

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a plasma cells (mature B cell)?

Answer 39

lymphoid

Question 40

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a platelet?

Answer 40

myeloid

Question 41

The most abundant plasma protein is ___ ; the most abundant leukocytes are the ___.

Answer 41

albumin; neutrophils

Question 42

The capacity to be ___ deformed is important for erythrocytes because it enables them to squeeze through the sinusdoids of the ___ and through the smallest capillaries.

Answer 42

reversibly; spleen

Question 43

Platelets also called ___ are cytoplasmic fragments of larges cells called ___ that are located in the __ ___.

Answer 43

thrombocytes, megakaryocytes, bone marrow

Question 44

Erythropoietin stimulates bone marrow to produce more ___ ; thrombopoietin stimulates bone marrow to produce more __.

Answer 44

erythrocytes; platelets

Question 45

Tissue factor also is called tissue ___; this substance triggers the ___ pathway of clotting.

Answer 45

thromboplastin; extrinsic

Question 46

Plasmin is an enzyme that degrades ___ polymers; its inactive precursor is ___ which is produced by the ___.

Answer 46

fibrin, plasminogen, liver

Question 47

Lymphocytes tend to have decreased function in ___ adults.

Answer 47

older

Question 48

What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of plasminogen activators...clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?

Answer 48

fibrin stability

Question 49

What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of thrombomodulin, protein C, and protein S...clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?

Answer 49

clotting cascade

Question 50

What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of tissue factor pathway inhibitor...clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?

Answer 50

clotting cascade

Question 51

What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of prostacyclin...clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?

Answer 51

platelet activation and aggregation

Question 52

What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of antithrombin III...clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?

Answer 52

clotting cascade

Question 53

What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of nitric oxide...clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?

Answer 53

platelet activation and aggregation