Chapter 27 Flashcards
Do active phagocytosis as part of the mononuclear phagocyte system; process and present antigens; participate in wound healing
macrophages
Process antigens and present them to lymphocytes
dendritic cells
Produce antibodies against specific antigens
B Lymphocytes (plasma cells)
Kill tumor cells and virus-infected cells
natural Killer cells
Precursor cells for macrophages
Monocytes
Do phagocytosis early in inflammation; kill bacteria
Neutrophils
defend against parasites
eosinophils
Mature erythrocytes ____ a nucleus; mature neutrophils have a ____ nucleus.
do not have; multilobed
Neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils are ___; immature neutrophils are called ___.
granulocytes; bands
The term hematopoiesis refers to production of ___ and occurs primarily in the ___ after birth.
blood cells; bone marrow
In the bone marrow, hematopoietic stem cells in the ___ niche are active, but hematopoietic stem cells in the ___ niche are dormat.
vascular, osteoblastic
Each hemoglobin A molecule consists of ___ globin chains, and ___ hemes; in order to bind oxygen, the iron portion of heme must be ___.
four; four; ferrous Fe++
The hormone ___ regulates absorption of dietary iron; after absorption, iron circulates attached to ___, and is stored inside cells attached to ___; large amounts of this intracellular iron complex gather as ___.
hepcidin; transferrin; ferritin; hemosiderin
Nitric oxcide and prostacyclin ___ platelet adhesion and aggregation; thromboxane A2, epinephrine, thrombin, and collagen ___ platelet adhesion and aggregation.
inhibit; trigger
Type of lymphoid organ in the spleen is primary or secondary?
secondary
Type of lymphoid organ in the thymus is primary or secondary?
primary
Type of lymphoid organ in the lymph nodes is primary or secondary?
secondary
Type of lymphoid organ in the peyer patches (gut-associated lymphoid tissue) is primary or secondary?
secondary
Type of lymphoid organ in the tonsils is primary or secondary?
secondary
Type of lymphoid organ in the bone marrow is primary or secondary?
primary
What happens when platelets are exposed to subendothelial collagen?
platelets to adhere to injured area
What is plasma?
Liquid portion of blood with its dissolved substances
What is serum?
Plasma minus the clotting factors
What is a multipotent stem cell?
A cell that can differentiate into many different types of cells
What is a hematopoietic stem cell?
A cell that can differentiate into only one of the various types of blood cells
What is a reticulocyte?
It is a immature erythrocyte that has a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes
What is an erythrocyte?
It is fully mature and does not have any of the organelles.
What is ferritin?
A protein that binds and stores iron
What is apoferritin?
It is ferritin that does not have the iron attached
Normal cell division, that includes DNA replication, anaphase and cytokinesis
mitosis
Type of cell division done by megakaryocyte progenitors in which DNA occurs, but anaphase, and cytokinesis are blocked, thus producing a cell with a large polypliod nucleus and numerous organelles that fragments into platelets.
endomitosis
What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a erythrocyte?
myeloid
What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a natural killer cell?
lymphoid
What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a eosinophil?
myeloid
What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a monocyte?
myeloid
What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a T-cell?
lymphoid
What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a neutrophil?
myeloid
What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a basophil?
myeloid
What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a plasma cells (mature B cell)?
lymphoid
What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a platelet?
myeloid
The most abundant plasma protein is ___ ; the most abundant leukocytes are the ___.
albumin; neutrophils
The capacity to be ___ deformed is important for erythrocytes because it enables them to squeeze through the sinusdoids of the ___ and through the smallest capillaries.
reversibly; spleen
Platelets also called ___ are cytoplasmic fragments of larges cells called ___ that are located in the __ ___.
thrombocytes, megakaryocytes, bone marrow
Erythropoietin stimulates bone marrow to produce more ___ ; thrombopoietin stimulates bone marrow to produce more __.
erythrocytes; platelets
Tissue factor also is called tissue ___; this substance triggers the ___ pathway of clotting.
thromboplastin; extrinsic
Plasmin is an enzyme that degrades ___ polymers; its inactive precursor is ___ which is produced by the ___.
fibrin, plasminogen, liver
Lymphocytes tend to have decreased function in ___ adults.
older
What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of plasminogen activators…clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?
fibrin stability
What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of thrombomodulin, protein C, and protein S…clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?
clotting cascade
What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of tissue factor pathway inhibitor…clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?
clotting cascade
What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of prostacyclin…clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?
platelet activation and aggregation
What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of antithrombin III…clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?
clotting cascade
What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of nitric oxide…clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?
platelet activation and aggregation
