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Patho Units 7-10 > Chapter 27 > Flashcards

Chapter 27 Flashcards

1
Q

Do active phagocytosis as part of the mononuclear phagocyte system; process and present antigens; participate in wound healing

A

macrophages

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2
Q

Process antigens and present them to lymphocytes

A

dendritic cells

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3
Q

Produce antibodies against specific antigens

A

B Lymphocytes (plasma cells)

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4
Q

Kill tumor cells and virus-infected cells

A

natural Killer cells

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5
Q

Precursor cells for macrophages

A

Monocytes

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6
Q

Do phagocytosis early in inflammation; kill bacteria

A

Neutrophils

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7
Q

defend against parasites

A

eosinophils

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8
Q

Mature erythrocytes ____ a nucleus; mature neutrophils have a ____ nucleus.

A

do not have; multilobed

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9
Q

Neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils are ___; immature neutrophils are called ___.

A

granulocytes; bands

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10
Q

The term hematopoiesis refers to production of ___ and occurs primarily in the ___ after birth.

A

blood cells; bone marrow

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11
Q

In the bone marrow, hematopoietic stem cells in the ___ niche are active, but hematopoietic stem cells in the ___ niche are dormat.

A

vascular, osteoblastic

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12
Q

Each hemoglobin A molecule consists of ___ globin chains, and ___ hemes; in order to bind oxygen, the iron portion of heme must be ___.

A

four; four; ferrous Fe++

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13
Q

The hormone ___ regulates absorption of dietary iron; after absorption, iron circulates attached to ___, and is stored inside cells attached to ___; large amounts of this intracellular iron complex gather as ___.

A

hepcidin; transferrin; ferritin; hemosiderin

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14
Q

Nitric oxcide and prostacyclin ___ platelet adhesion and aggregation; thromboxane A2, epinephrine, thrombin, and collagen ___ platelet adhesion and aggregation.

A

inhibit; trigger

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15
Q

Type of lymphoid organ in the spleen is primary or secondary?

A

secondary

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16
Q

Type of lymphoid organ in the thymus is primary or secondary?

A

primary

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17
Q

Type of lymphoid organ in the lymph nodes is primary or secondary?

A

secondary

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18
Q

Type of lymphoid organ in the peyer patches (gut-associated lymphoid tissue) is primary or secondary?

A

secondary

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19
Q

Type of lymphoid organ in the tonsils is primary or secondary?

A

secondary

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20
Q

Type of lymphoid organ in the bone marrow is primary or secondary?

A

primary

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21
Q

What happens when platelets are exposed to subendothelial collagen?

A

platelets to adhere to injured area

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22
Q

What is plasma?

A

Liquid portion of blood with its dissolved substances

23
Q

What is serum?

A

Plasma minus the clotting factors

24
Q

What is a multipotent stem cell?

A

A cell that can differentiate into many different types of cells

25
Q

What is a hematopoietic stem cell?

A

A cell that can differentiate into only one of the various types of blood cells

26
Q

What is a reticulocyte?

A

It is a immature erythrocyte that has a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes

27
Q

What is an erythrocyte?

A

It is fully mature and does not have any of the organelles.

28
Q

What is ferritin?

A

A protein that binds and stores iron

29
Q

What is apoferritin?

A

It is ferritin that does not have the iron attached

30
Q

Normal cell division, that includes DNA replication, anaphase and cytokinesis

A

mitosis

31
Q

Type of cell division done by megakaryocyte progenitors in which DNA occurs, but anaphase, and cytokinesis are blocked, thus producing a cell with a large polypliod nucleus and numerous organelles that fragments into platelets.

A

endomitosis

32
Q

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a erythrocyte?

A

myeloid

33
Q

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a natural killer cell?

A

lymphoid

34
Q

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a eosinophil?

A

myeloid

35
Q

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a monocyte?

A

myeloid

36
Q

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a T-cell?

A

lymphoid

37
Q

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a neutrophil?

A

myeloid

38
Q

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a basophil?

A

myeloid

39
Q

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a plasma cells (mature B cell)?

A

lymphoid

40
Q

What type of progenitor cell (lymphiod or myeliod) is in a platelet?

A

myeloid

41
Q

The most abundant plasma protein is ___ ; the most abundant leukocytes are the ___.

A

albumin; neutrophils

42
Q

The capacity to be ___ deformed is important for erythrocytes because it enables them to squeeze through the sinusdoids of the ___ and through the smallest capillaries.

A

reversibly; spleen

43
Q

Platelets also called ___ are cytoplasmic fragments of larges cells called ___ that are located in the __ ___.

A

thrombocytes, megakaryocytes, bone marrow

44
Q

Erythropoietin stimulates bone marrow to produce more ___ ; thrombopoietin stimulates bone marrow to produce more __.

A

erythrocytes; platelets

45
Q

Tissue factor also is called tissue ___; this substance triggers the ___ pathway of clotting.

A

thromboplastin; extrinsic

46
Q

Plasmin is an enzyme that degrades ___ polymers; its inactive precursor is ___ which is produced by the ___.

A

fibrin, plasminogen, liver

47
Q

Lymphocytes tend to have decreased function in ___ adults.

A

older

48
Q

What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of plasminogen activators…clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?

A

fibrin stability

49
Q

What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of thrombomodulin, protein C, and protein S…clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?

A

clotting cascade

50
Q

What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of tissue factor pathway inhibitor…clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?

A

clotting cascade

51
Q

What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of prostacyclin…clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?

A

platelet activation and aggregation

52
Q

What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of antithrombin III…clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?

A

clotting cascade

53
Q

What is the antithrombotic mechanism mechanism of nitric oxide…clotting cascade, platelet activation and aggregation, or fibrin stability?

A

platelet activation and aggregation

Patho Units 7-10 (15 decks)

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