Chapter 25 Flashcards
Indigestible material is dehydrated and compacted in the __________.
large intestine
Bile is stored and concentrated in the __________.
gallbladder
Chemical digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids occurs in the __________.
small intestine
The __________contains two layers of smooth muscle that provide movement for peristaltic and segmentation contractions.
muscularis externa
Which of the following functions is NOT performed by the digestive system? secretion filtration of blood mechanical processing elimination of wastes
filtration of blood
Salivary amylase is a digestive enzyme that is produced by the __________ and that breaks down __________.
parotid glands, carbohydrates
Food that is going to reach the stomach has to pass through which portions of the pharynx?
oropharynx and laryngopharynx
Slides of the esophagus often also include cross-sections of the trachea because of their close proximity. What features could you use to distinguish between the two organs?
The esophagus has a stratified squamous mucosa, whereas the trachea is lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
When identifying the mesenteries of the stomach, called omenta, the _____ omentum is attached to the lesser curvature of the stomach and the _____ omentum is attached to the greater curvature of the stomach.
lesser, greater
How does the anatomy of the stomach contrast with other regions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract?
The muscularis externa of the stomach includes an oblique muscle layer.
What is the primary function of the gastric folds, also known as rugae?
to allow the lumen of the stomach to expand
Which of the following structures functions to increase the surface area of the small intestine for the purpose of increasing its absorptive abilities?
the plicae
Which of the following small intestinal regions is both retroperitoneal and the recipient of the pancreatic enzymes?
duodenum
Which of the following correctly identifies the order in which feces would pass through the large intestine?
cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum
The three longitudinal bands of smooth muscle found in the large intestine are called __________.
taeniae coli
The blood supply for the sigmoid colon comes from the __________.
inferior mesenteric artery
Because of its location, the right colic flexure is also known as the __________.
hepatic flexure
As we age, these pouch-like structures begin to sag, causing symptoms of diverticulitis.
haustra
Which of the following ducts join to form the bile duct?
common hepatic duct and cystic duct
Bile and pancreatic juices empty into the __________.
duodenum
The pancreas lays __________.
posterior to the stomach
If Mickey is at a restaurant and eats a greasy hamburger and grease-laden (though tasty) french fries, which of the following event is likely occur?
CCK will be released from the duodenum and cause bile secretion in the gallbladder.
What is the function of the pancreas?
to secrete digestive enzymes and buffers
Folds in the lining of the esophagus __________.
allow for the expansion of the lumen as food is passing through
Chiel Cells
- found only in fundus
- secretes PEPSINOGEN (turns into PEPSIN in stomach)
RENNIN + GASTRIC LIPASE
found in newbornss
important enzymes for digesting milk
Rennin - coagulates milk protein
Gastric Lipase - initiates digestion of milk fats
