Chapter 25

Question 1

Indigestible material is dehydrated and compacted in the __________.

Answer 1

large intestine

Question 2

Bile is stored and concentrated in the __________.

Answer 2

gallbladder

Question 3

Chemical digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids occurs in the __________.

Answer 3

small intestine

Question 4

The __________contains two layers of smooth muscle that provide movement for peristaltic and segmentation contractions.

Answer 4

muscularis externa

Question 5

Which of the following functions is NOT performed by the digestive system? secretion filtration of blood mechanical processing elimination of wastes

Answer 5

filtration of blood

Question 6

Salivary amylase is a digestive enzyme that is produced by the __________ and that breaks down __________.

Answer 6

parotid glands, carbohydrates

Question 7

Food that is going to reach the stomach has to pass through which portions of the pharynx?

Answer 7

oropharynx and laryngopharynx

Question 8

Slides of the esophagus often also include cross-sections of the trachea because of their close proximity. What features could you use to distinguish between the two organs?

Answer 8

The esophagus has a stratified squamous mucosa, whereas the trachea is lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.

Question 9

When identifying the mesenteries of the stomach, called omenta, the _____ omentum is attached to the lesser curvature of the stomach and the _____ omentum is attached to the greater curvature of the stomach.

Answer 9

lesser, greater

Question 10

How does the anatomy of the stomach contrast with other regions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract?

Answer 10

The muscularis externa of the stomach includes an oblique muscle layer.

Question 11

What is the primary function of the gastric folds, also known as rugae?

Answer 11

to allow the lumen of the stomach to expand

Question 12

Which of the following structures functions to increase the surface area of the small intestine for the purpose of increasing its absorptive abilities?

Answer 12

the plicae

Question 13

Which of the following small intestinal regions is both retroperitoneal and the recipient of the pancreatic enzymes?

Answer 13

duodenum

Question 14

Which of the following correctly identifies the order in which feces would pass through the large intestine?

Answer 14

cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum

Question 15

The three longitudinal bands of smooth muscle found in the large intestine are called __________.

Answer 15

taeniae coli

Question 16

The blood supply for the sigmoid colon comes from the __________.

Answer 16

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 17

Because of its location, the right colic flexure is also known as the __________.

Answer 17

hepatic flexure

Question 18

As we age, these pouch-like structures begin to sag, causing symptoms of diverticulitis.

Answer 18

haustra

Question 19

Which of the following ducts join to form the bile duct?

Answer 19

common hepatic duct and cystic duct

Question 20

Bile and pancreatic juices empty into the __________.

Answer 20

duodenum

Question 21

The pancreas lays __________.

Answer 21

posterior to the stomach

Question 22

If Mickey is at a restaurant and eats a greasy hamburger and grease-laden (though tasty) french fries, which of the following event is likely occur?

Answer 22

CCK will be released from the duodenum and cause bile secretion in the gallbladder.

Question 23

What is the function of the pancreas?

Answer 23

to secrete digestive enzymes and buffers

Question 24

Folds in the lining of the esophagus __________.

Answer 24

allow for the expansion of the lumen as food is passing through

Question 25

Answer 25

Question 26

Chiel Cells

Answer 26

• found only in fundus
• secretes PEPSINOGEN (turns into PEPSIN in stomach)

Question 27

RENNIN + GASTRIC LIPASE

Answer 27

found in newbornss

important enzymes for digesting milk

Rennin - coagulates milk protein

Gastric Lipase - initiates digestion of milk fats