Chapter 23: The evolution of populations Flashcards
1
Q
what is microvevolution
A
the change in allele frequencies in a population over generations, is
evolution at its smallest scale
2
Q
what is macroevolution
A
large scale change resulting in new species
3
Q
what are the 3 mechanisms that cause allele frequency change
A
Natural selection (adaptation to the environment) – Genetic drift (chance events alter allele frequencies) – Gene flow : Migration (transfer of alleles between populations)
4
Q
what is genetic drift
A
change events alter allele frequencies
5
Q
what is gene flow
A
migration (transfer or alleles between populations)
6
Q
what is genetic variation
A
variation in
heritable traits, is a prerequisite for
evolution by natural selection
7
Q
what is genetic variation caused by
A
differences in genes or
other DNA segments
8
Q
what is the phenotype
A
product of inherited genotype and environmental influences ( physical characteristics)
9
Q
what can natural selection only act on
A
variation with a genetic component
10
Q
how does genetic variation orginiate when
A
new genes and alleles arise by mutation, gene duplication,
