Chapter 23: Neurocognitive Disorders Flashcards
What causes delirium
long-term hospitalization, alcohol or drug withdrawal; certain medications; stroke; fever; malnutrition; infection (including urinary tract infections, sepsis, pneumonia, or the flu
Four cardinal features of delirium
- Acute onset and fluctuating course
- Reduced ability to direct, focus, shift, and sustain attention
- Disorganized thinking
- Disturbance of consciousness
Delirium is______
Secondary/result of another mechanism. If cause goes away, delirium goes away
When does onset of delirium happen
suddenly/rapid/acute onset
illusion vs delusion
Illusion is a noun that refers to either something that is not as it appears or a misperception.
A delusion is also a misperception, but this word usually refers to a dangerous misperception or an idea that misleads a person into dangerous patterns of thought.
“Priority” in a nursing school question means that not doing so would result in____, _______, or _______ _______.
injury, illness, potential death
T/F: Once you have an episode of delirium, you may never be baseline again.
T
How do you Dx Alzheimer’s
Weigh pt’s brain after death, during autopsy. Disease shrinks brain.
T/F: socialization affects Alzheimer’s risk
T
The majority of dementia patients have Alzheimer’s
T
Characteristics Alzheimer’s/Dementia (AD) progression
MILD: short term memory loss and inability to process usual actions (missing buttons on shirts, cant tie shoes, forgot ingredients to food)
SEVERE: Forgotten how to eat, swallow, etc
CONFABULATION: May make up things that they dont remember. Don’t try to reorient, its to maintain dignity.
Denial
repetition of phrases/behaviors
Avoidance of questions
aphasia
Loss of language ability
apraxia
Loss of purposeful movement
agnosia
Loss of sensory ability to recognize
objects
Clock drawing test is for people w/ ______
Memory impairment issue/Alzheimer’s
