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EMT > Chapter 22 Part 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 22 Part 7 Flashcards

1
Q

PSAP

A

Public Service Answering Points for emergency calls.

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2
Q

COVID-19 Query Process

A

Assess infection risk without hindering prearrival instructions.

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3
Q

EMS Precautions

A

Protect EMS crew from potential COVID-19 exposure.

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4
Q

Scene Size-up

A

Evaluate safety and hazards before approaching a scene.

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5
Q

Potential Hazards

A

Identify risks in various emergency scenarios.

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6
Q

Multiple Patients

A

Family members may all be infected with COVID-19.

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7
Q

Primary Assessment

A

Identify and manage immediate life threats.

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8
Q

Airway Management

A

Maintain airway for patients with compromised breathing.

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9
Q

Mechanical Airway Devices

A

Includes nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and endotracheal tubes.

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10
Q

Ventilation Assessment

A

Evaluate respiratory rate and tidal volume adequacy.

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11
Q

Tidal Volume

A

Volume of air exchanged during breathing.

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12
Q

Positive Pressure Ventilation

A

Initiate if tidal volume or rate is inadequate.

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13
Q

PPE for Ventilation

A

Use proper personal protective equipment during procedures.

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14
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Increased breathing rate due to hypoxemia compensation.

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15
Q

Anaerobic Metabolism

A

Energy production shift due to oxygen deprivation.

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16
Q

Hypoventilation

A

Decreased breathing effectiveness leading to respiratory failure.

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17
Q

Oxygenation Compromise

A

COVID-19 primarily affects oxygen levels, not ventilation.

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18
Q

Respiratory Rate

A

Number of breaths taken per minute.

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19
Q

Adequate Ventilation

A

Requires both adequate rate and tidal volume.

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20
Q

Altered Mental State

A

Impaired consciousness affecting airway protection.

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21
Q

Severe Hypoxia

A

Critical oxygen deficiency impacting patient health.

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22
Q

COVID-19 Symptoms

A

Signs indicating possible infection in patients.

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23
Q

Alveolar Tissue

A

Lung tissue involved in gas exchange.

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24
Q

Hypoxemia

A

Low oxygen levels in the blood.

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25
Q

Hypercarbic

A

Elevated carbon dioxide levels in the blood.

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26
Q

Happy Hypoxic

A

Patients tolerating severe hypoxia without distress.

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27
Q

Oxygen Therapy

A

Treatment to increase oxygen levels in patients.

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28
Q

Pulse Oximeter

A

Device measuring blood oxygen saturation.

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29
Q

Nonrebreather Mask

A

Mask providing high-concentration oxygen to patients.

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30
Q

Tachycardia

A

Increased heart rate, often a hypoxemia sign.

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31
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish discoloration indicating low oxygen levels.

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32
Q

Tachypnea

A

Rapid breathing, often seen in hypoxic patients.

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33
Q

Secondary Assessment

A

Detailed evaluation to confirm COVID-19 suspicion.

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34
Q

OPQRST Mnemonic

A

Tool for assessing onset and duration of symptoms.

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35
Q

Comorbid Factors

A

Pre-existing conditions increasing infection severity risk.

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36
Q

Asymptomatic COVID-19

A

Positive test without clinical signs or symptoms.

37
Q

Mild COVID-19

A

Upper respiratory or digestive symptoms present.

38
Q

Moderate COVID-19

A

Pneumonia without hypoxemia, normal chest X-ray.

39
Q

Severe COVID-19

A

Pneumonia accompanied by hypoxemia.

40
Q

Critical COVID-19

A

Severe respiratory distress requiring intensive care.

41
Q

Signs of Hypoxemia

A

Indicators include confusion, pale skin, and tachycardia.

42
Q

COVID-19 Symptoms

A

Include fever, cough, fatigue, and loss of taste.

43
Q

Chest Compressions

A

Emergency procedure for cardiac arrest patients.

44
Q

PPE for CPR

A

Personal protective equipment recommended during resuscitation.

45
Q

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

A

Severe lung condition causing low oxygen levels.

46
Q

Encephalopathy

A

Brain dysfunction due to various causes.

47
Q

Myocardial Injury

A

Damage to heart muscle from various factors.

48
Q

Heart Failure

A

Heart’s inability to pump sufficient blood.

49
Q

Coagulation Dysfunction

A

Impaired blood clotting ability.

50
Q

Acute Kidney Injury

A

Sudden decrease in kidney function.

51
Q

Pupil Assessment

A

Evaluate pupils for equality and response.

52
Q

Jugular Venous Distension

A

Swelling of neck veins indicating heart issues.

53
Q

Bilateral Breath Sounds

A

Assessment of lung sounds in both sides.

54
Q

Rales

A

Abnormal lung sounds indicating fluid presence.

55
Q

Rhonchi

A

Low-pitched sounds from mucus in airways.

56
Q

Presacral Edema

A

Swelling in lower back from heart failure.

57
Q

Skin Temperature Assessment

A

Evaluate temperature for signs of infection.

58
Q

Hypoxemia

A

Low blood oxygen levels causing systemic effects.

59
Q

Pulse Oximeter

A

Device measuring blood oxygen saturation levels.

60
Q

Continuous EKG Monitor

A

Real-time heart rhythm assessment tool.

61
Q

End-Tidal Monitor

A

Measures effectiveness of ventilation, not oxygenation.

62
Q

Patent Airway

A

Clear passage for air to reach lungs.

63
Q

Oxygen Therapy

A

Supplemental oxygen to improve patient oxygenation.

64
Q

Nonrebreather Mask

A

High-flow oxygen delivery device for emergencies.

65
Q

Positive Pressure Ventilation (PPV)

A

Assisted breathing for patients in respiratory distress.

66
Q

CDC COVID-19 Precautions

A

Guidelines for safely handling COVID-19 patients.

67
Q

Documentation of Care

A

Record of EMS provider interactions and PPE used.

68
Q

Ambulance Isolation

A

Separate driver from patient compartment during transport.

69
Q

Mask Requirement

A

Caregivers must wear masks in the ambulance.

70
Q

Nonrecirculate Mode

A

Vehicle ventilation should not recirculate air.

71
Q

Rear Exhaust Fan

A

Draws air away from the cab.

72
Q

HEPA Ventilation System

A

Increases air exchanges per hour.

73
Q

Negative Pressure

A

Created by opening outside vents and max exhaust.

74
Q

CDC Cleaning Guidelines

A

Protocols for cleaning after COVID-19 transport.

75
Q

Open Rear Doors

A

Facilitates air changes to remove infectious particles.

76
Q

Disposable PPE

A

Wear gown and gloves during cleaning.

77
Q

EPA-Registered Disinfectant

A

Use for frequently touched surfaces in the ambulance.

78
Q

Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)

A

Follow for cleaning and PPE disposal.

79
Q

Avoid Shaking Linens

A

Launder linens according to SOP.

80
Q

COVID-19 Exposure Risk

A

High risk for EMS providers during patient care.

81
Q

Asymptomatic Infection

A

Infected individuals may show no symptoms.

82
Q

Severe Hypoxemia

A

Low oxygen levels without typical breathing difficulty.

83
Q

Vascular Complications

A

COVID-19 can cause clotting and heart failure.

84
Q

Supportive Treatment

A

Focus on oxygenation for COVID-19 patients.

85
Q

Routes of Exposure

A

Ingestion, absorption, inhalation, and injection.

86
Q

Activated Charcoal Administration

A

Follow specific steps for patient safety.

87
Q

Medical Direction Order

A

Obtain before administering activated charcoal.

88
Q

Patient Observation

A

Watch patient while they drink charcoal.

89
Q

Record Keeping

A

Document dose and time of charcoal administration.

EMT (13 decks)

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