Chapter 22 Part 3 Flashcards
Pharming
Adolescents raiding medicine cabinets for drugs.
Pharming Party
Event where teens trade and use prescription drugs.
CNS Stimulants
Drugs that excite the central nervous system.
CNS Depressants
Drugs that depress the central nervous system.
Narcotics
CNS depressants derived from opium or synthetic sources.
Hallucinogens
Psychedelic drugs causing hallucinations and altered perception.
Volatile Inhalants
Substances inhaled for psychoactive effects.
Signs and Symptoms
Physical indicators of drug or alcohol abuse.
Oxy-Contin
Common painkiller abused at pharming parties.
Demerol
Opioid pain medication often misused.
Ritalin
Stimulant prescribed for attention-deficit disorders.
Adderall
Stimulant used to treat ADHD, commonly abused.
Dexedrine
Stimulant for ADHD, potential for misuse.
Tachycardia
Increased heart rate, common in stimulant abuse.
Bradycardia
Decreased heart rate, often seen with narcotics.
Hypotension
Low blood pressure, can occur with depressants.
Respiratory Depression
Decreased breathing effectiveness, risk with narcotics.
Euphoria
Intense happiness, often experienced with depressants.
Agitation
Restlessness or excitement, common with stimulants.
Open Airway
First step in emergency care for overdose.
Positive Pressure Ventilation
Technique to assist inadequate breathing.
Scene Safety
Priority in managing substance abuse emergencies.
Calming the Patient
Important to prevent injury during agitation.
Respiratory distress
Signs indicating difficulty in breathing.
Hypoxia
Insufficient oxygen in the tissues.
Hypoxemia
Low oxygen levels in the blood.
Nasal cannula
Device for delivering oxygen through the nose.
Lateral recumbent position
Side-lying position to protect the airway.
Supine position
Lying flat on the back.
Hallucinogen
Substance causing altered perception and mood.
Environmental Emergencies
Situations requiring temperature regulation and care.
Tympanic thermometer
Device measuring temperature via the ear.
Blood glucose level
Measurement of glucose concentration in blood.
Hypoglycemia
Condition of abnormally low blood sugar.
Restraints
Devices used to limit patient movement.
Prone position
Lying flat on the stomach.
Reassessment
Ongoing evaluation of a patient’s condition.
CNS stimulant
Substance increasing central nervous system activity.
CNS depressant
Substance decreasing central nervous system activity.
Airway obstruction
Blockage preventing airflow to the lungs.
Suctioning
Removing fluids or secretions from the airway.
Hyperventilation
Rapid or deep breathing causing decreased carbon dioxide.
Skin color assessment
Evaluating skin for signs of distress.
Heart rate variability
Fluctuations in heart rate during assessment.
Vomitus
Material expelled from the stomach.
Secretions
Fluids produced by the body, often obstructive.
CNS Stimulants
Drugs causing excitability and increased alertness.
Excitability
Increased emotional arousal and restlessness.
Tachycardia
Elevated heart rate above normal levels.
Dilated Pupils
Enlarged pupils, indicating possible drug influence.
CNS Depressants
Substances that reduce brain activity and arousal.
Euphoria
Intense feelings of happiness and well-being.
Bradycardia
Slowed heart rate, often below 60 bpm.
Narcotics
Opioids that relieve pain but can depress respiration.
Lethargy
State of sluggishness and reduced energy.
Hallucinogens
Substances causing altered perceptions and hallucinations.
Paranoia
Intense anxiety or fear, often irrational.
Volatile Inhalants
Substances causing intoxication through inhalation.
Erratic Blood Pressure
Unpredictable fluctuations in blood pressure readings.
Drug Withdrawal
Symptoms occurring after cessation of substance use.
Tremors
Involuntary muscle contractions or shaking.
Emergency Care Protocol
Steps for managing drug or alcohol emergencies.
Positive Pressure Ventilation
Assisted breathing technique for inadequate respiration.
Lateral Recumbent Position
Side-lying position to maintain airway patency.
Reassessment Frequency
Regular monitoring of vital signs and condition.
Seizure Emergency Protocol
Guidelines for managing seizure activity.
Mental Status Assessment
Evaluation of consciousness and cognitive function.
Naloxone Administration
Opioid overdose treatment via intramuscular or intranasal.
Transport Protocol
Guidelines for safely moving the patient.
Talk-Down Technique
Method to calm patients experiencing drug-induced anxiety.
Bad Trip
Intense anxiety or panic from hallucinogen use.
Hallucinogens
Drugs causing altered perceptions and reality distortion.
Marijuana Emergencies
Psychological effects more common than physical symptoms.
Prolonged Psychotic Reactions
Extended mental disturbances from hallucinogen use.
Personal Space
Physical area around a person that should not be invaded.
Verbalize
Encourage patients to express their feelings and experiences.
Self-Identification
Recognizing familiar objects to ground the patient.
PCP
Hallucinogen that can exacerbate agitation in users.
Drug Withdrawal
Symptoms experienced when a dependent user stops taking drugs.
Tolerance
Need for larger doses to achieve same drug effects.
Psychological Dependence
Compulsive behavior focused on acquiring drugs.
Physiological Dependence
Body requires drug to avoid withdrawal symptoms.
Cumulative Effects
Long-term consequences from years of substance abuse.
Acute Intoxication
Immediate effects of consuming excessive alcohol or drugs.
Signs of Alcohol Abuse
Indicators of long-term alcohol consumption issues.
Sympathetic Approach
Remain calm and understanding during patient interaction.
Establish Rapport
Build trust before physical contact with the patient.
Mental Clarity
State of clear thinking that may follow confusion.
Nonjudgmental Attitude
Maintain neutrality when interacting with distressed patients.
Transport After Calming
Move patient only after they have stabilized.
Reassurance
Provide comfort that drug effects are temporary.
Narcotics
Drugs that relieve pain and induce sleep.
Alcohol Use Disorder
Condition characterized by problem drinking and addiction.
Sedatives
Drugs that calm or induce sleep.
Hypnotics
Medications that induce sleep or sedation.
Barbiturates
Depressant drugs used for anxiety and sleep.
Cocaine
Stimulant drug that increases energy and alertness.
Marijuana
Psychoactive drug from cannabis plant.
Withdrawal Symptoms
Signs that occur after stopping drug use.
Anxiety
Feeling of worry or unease.
Agitation
State of nervousness or restlessness.
Profuse Sweating
Excessive perspiration due to withdrawal.
Piloerection
Goosebumps caused by withdrawal symptoms.
Elevated Heart Rate
Increased pulse due to withdrawal.
Hallucinations
Perceptions without external stimuli, visual or auditory.
Tactile Hallucinations
Feeling sensations that aren’t present.
Nausea
Feeling of sickness with an urge to vomit.
Abdominal Cramping
Pain in the stomach area during withdrawal.
Delirium Tremens (DTs)
Severe alcohol withdrawal with confusion and agitation.
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
Brain disorder from alcohol toxicity and malnutrition.
Alcohol Intoxication Signs
Odor, swaying, slurred speech, and drowsiness.
Alcohol Emergencies
Critical situations arising from alcohol use.
Life Support Management
Care provided to stabilize vital functions.
Aspiration Risk
Danger of inhaling vomit into lungs.
Paralysis of the eyes
Loss of eye movement control due to syndrome.
Dementia
Cognitive decline affecting memory and reasoning.
Hypothermia
Abnormally low body temperature condition.
Inability to sort fiction from reality
Difficulty distinguishing between real and imagined events.
Coma
State of prolonged unconsciousness.
Hypertension
High blood pressure condition.
Altered mental status
Changes in cognitive function from liver issues.
Cirrhosis of the liver
Severe liver scarring affecting function.
Liver failure
Liver degeneration leading to fatty deposits.
Pancreatitis
Inflammation of the pancreas causing pain.
Cardiomyopathy
Heart muscle disease affecting function.
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the abdominal lining.
Chronic gastric ulcer
Long-lasting sore in the stomach lining.
Bone marrow suppression
Reduced blood cell production in the marrow.
Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage
Bleeding in the upper digestive tract.
Seizures
Sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain.
Subdural hematoma
Blood collection between the brain and its outer covering.
Fractures from falls
Broken bones due to repeated falls.
Hypoglycemia
Low blood sugar levels causing symptoms.
Pneumonia
Lung infection causing breathing difficulties.
Pruritus
Severe itching of the skin.
Clotting disorders
Conditions affecting blood coagulation.
Withdrawal syndrome
Symptoms after reducing or stopping substance use.
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome
Symptoms mimicking psychiatric disorders after alcohol reduction.
Delirium tremens
Severe alcohol withdrawal with high mortality risk.
Alcoholic tremulousness
Early withdrawal symptoms including tremors and insomnia.
Alcoholic hallucinosis
Hallucinations occurring during alcohol withdrawal.
Withdrawal seizures
Seizures occurring during alcohol withdrawal.
Mortality rate of delirium tremens
Approximately 15-20% without treatment.
Duration of delirium tremens
Lasts between 1 to 5 days.
Severe confusion
Disorientation and inability to think clearly.
Loss of memory
Inability to recall past events or information.
Tremors
Involuntary muscle shaking or quivering.
Restlessness and irritability
Increased agitation and inability to relax.