Chapter 21 test Flashcards
One factor in the growth of unemployment after World War I was
Demobilization
At the end of World War I, unemployment rose as a result of
- The number of soldiers returning from the front
- Cancellation of war contracts
- Decreased factory production
Farmers
Group that suffered from shrinking markets and low prices during the 1920s
Seattle general strike
Strike begun by shipyard workers who were demanding higher wages and shorter workday
Calvin Coolidge
Massachusetts governor whose opposition to the Boston police strike made him a hero among conservatives
Steel strike
1919 strike that ended organization in heavy industry for 15 years
One long-term effect of the failed 1919 strike was
Unions did not try to organize workers in heavy industry for many years
Americans’ fear of communism was heightened by
The national labor unrest of 1919
Palmer raids
Government action against suspected radicals
Emma Goldman
Lithuanian radical who was a noted feminist, writer, and speaker
Three things that were true of the Red Scare
- U.S. government conducted raids on suspected radicals
- Many workers believed a workers revolution had arrived
- Some Americans thought that communism had invaded every aspect of society
Sacco and Vanzetti were convicted of
Committing murder during a robbery
Nicola Sacco
Anarchist whose execution underscored U.S. hostility towards foreigners and radicals
Because they were tired of the turbulence of the Wilson years
In 1920 they elected Warren G. Harding
Warren G. Harding
Republican president who called for a return to “normalcy”
Charles Dawes
Turned annual budget deficit into surplus by cutting expenditures
Albert Fall
First cabinet member imprisoned for crimes committed while in office
The 3 following things are true of the Harding administration
- The economy grew rapidly
- Taxes on the wealthy were cut
- A number of government officials were involved in scandals
Calvin Coolidge
Popular president despite his vetoes of bills designed to help veterans and farmers
Herbert Hoover
Candidate who won the 1928 presidential election in part because of his opponent’s political liabilities
Herbert Hoover
Former Secretary of Commerce who defeated Alfred E. Smith in the 1928 presidential election
Republican economic policies of the 1920s supported
Corporate mergers
During the 1920’s pro business tax cuts encouraged
Corporations to consolidate and develop mergers
The Fordney-McCumber Tariff Act
Legislation designed to boost the pride of domestic crops
Union membership shrank during the 1920s party as a result of
Business promotion of the American Plan
Republican
Party whose presidents and polices during the 1920s resulted in economic growth and prosperity
Protection legislation
Issue that led to proposal of the Equal Rights Amendment but divided women’s groups
The following statement about the Equal Rights Amendment is true
The amendment caused division among women’s groups
National Women’s Party
Organization that supported the equal rights amendment in 1923
Bursum Bill
Legislation designed to legalize non-Native American claims to Pueblo land
In 1924 Congress acknowledged the Native American contribution to the war effort by
Granting citizenship to all Native Americans
Marcus Garvey
Black nationalist leader of the Back-to-Africa movement
Black nationalism arose in part because of
Continued discrimination against African Americans
Continued hostility toward ethnic groups in the 1920s was demonstrated by
The revival of the Ku Klux Klan
During the 1920s the Ku Klux Klan targeted
- African Americans
- Catholics and Jews
- Immigrants
Because immigration grew dramatically during the 1920s
The U.S. government set new limits on immigration
The Immigration Act of 1924 was designed to limit the entry of
- Southern Europeans
- Asians
- Eastern Europeans
Immigration legislation passed during the 1920s exhibited
Continued antagonism toward most foreign people
Mexicans
Immigrants not restricted by 1920s immigration legislation
During the 1920s Mexican immigrants came to the U.S. because they were encouraged to
Fill low-wage jobs in the United States
