Chapter 17 test Flashcards
Progressivism
Urban reform movement that addressed social problems created by industrialization
Progressive
Movement that sought to enact political, corporate, and social reforms
In the early 20th century, reform work attracted
College-educated women seeking career opportunities
Many women in the Progressive movement worked for
Reform through volunteer organizations
Muckrakers
Journalists who exposed social ills and political and business corruption
Ida Tarbell
Wrote a series of articles exposing corruption within the Standard Oil Company
S.S. McClure
Publisher who encouraged writers to investigate corruption
Lincoln Steffens
Journalist who documented political corruption in The Shame of the Cities
One of the few white progressives to focus on racial justice was
Ray Stannard Baker
Solutions to social problems in the early 1900’s were proposed by
Writers such as Theodor Dreiser
Progressive writers and intellectuals offered theories on how to solve social problems
Such as corporate greed
Florence Kelley
Helped organize the National Labor Committee
Reformer Florence Kelley helped
Establish child labor laws
The event that brought the need for workplace reform in the public eye was
The Triangle fire of 1911
The workplace issues progressives targeted for reform was
- Low wages and long hours
- Child labor
- Unsafe working conditions
Supreme Court
Opposed a number of progressive laws on the grounds of property rights and freedom of contract
Supreme Court
Struck down progressive legislation on the grounds that the laws denied workers freedom of contract and deprived business owners of their property
Louis Brandeis
Lawyer whose legal brief persuaded the Supreme Court to uphold a progressive Oregon Child Labor Law
Louis Brandeis
Prepared a legal brief containing extensive social research to defend legislation for working women
Closed shop
Workplace in which only union members are hired
The Industrial Workers of the World
Labor organization that welcomed unskilled workers and immigrants
Under the leadership of “Big Bill” Haywood, the Industrial Workers of the World sought to
Overthrow the capitalist system
Industrial Workers of the World
Labor organization that collapsed due to public mistrust, internal disagreements, and government crackdowns
The American Federation of Labor did 3 things
- Work within the capitalistic system
- Focus on skilled workers
- Represent the minority of America’s industrial laborers
Under the leadership of Samuel Gompers
The American Federation of Labor supported reforms from within
The New York Settlement-house worker who pushed for new guidelines for tenement construction was
Lawrence Veiller
Veiller believed that big city housing problems were caused by
Owners of tenement buildings
Progressives wanted to clean up cities by
Increasing the role of local governments
Women’s Christian Temperance Union
Organization that promoted passage of the 18th Amendment
Women’s Christian Temperance Union
Organization that crusaded for the prohibition of alcohol
The Eighteenth Amendment prohibited
The manufacture or importation of alcoholic beverages
Progressives concerned about American social ills and morals worked for all of the following
- Prohibition
- Temperance
- Censorship of movies
W.E.B. Dubois
Black leader who urged African Americans to become politically active
W.E.B. Dubois
African American leader who urged them to become politically active
NAACP
Organization that began African American’s long legal fight for racial justice
Formed to help solve the problems of Native Americans, the Society of American Indians sought to
Improve the public image of Native Americans
Many progressives felt that immigrants should
Be Americanized as quick as possible
Immigrants supported progressives who fought for
Reforms in public health and welfare
During the early 1900s, the immigrant poor living in cities supported
Progressive housing and public health reforms
Jane Addams
Settlement-house worker whose Hull House playground served as the model for many city playgrounds
