Chapter 21: Immune & Lymphatic Systems and Related Care

Question 1

nonspecific immunity

Answer 1

protect the body from disease in general

Question 2

specific immunity

Answer 2

protects against a particular disease that’s involving the body at a given time

Question 3

b cells

Answer 3

produce antibodies

Question 4

t cells

Answer 4

destroy toxins and foreign substances

Question 5

antigens

Answer 5

foreign substances that create an immune system response

Question 6

antibodies

Answer 6

prevent disease from threatening the body a 2nd time
carried in blood plasma

Question 7

actively acquired immunity

Answer 7

fighting an infection or by getting a vaccine

Question 8

passively aquired immunity

Answer 8

antibodies are passed from mother to baby
treated w/ antibodies from someone infected before

Question 9

Lymphatic system

Answer 9

removes excess fluids and waste products the body’s tissues; helps immune system fight infection

Question 10

lymph

Answer 10

a clear yellowish fluid that carries lymphocytes

Question 11

how is lymph fluid circulated

Answer 11

muscle activity, massage, and breathing

Question 12

appendicitis

Answer 12

inflammation of the appendix
cause: bacterial infection
s/s: abd pain and tenderness, N/V, fever
treatment: antibiotics, fever reducing meds, appendectomy

Question 13

epstein-barr virus (EBV)

Answer 13

cause mononucleosis
causes bone marrow to create too many white blood cells

Question 14

mononucleosis

Answer 14

s/s: flu-like, extreme fatigue, sore throat, fever

Question 15

lymphedema

Answer 15

the abnormal buildup of lymph fluid in the body’s tissues
cause: blockage in the lymphatic vessels
most common in the extremities
s/s: swelling, pain, limited mobility
treatment: draining excess lymph fluid through exercise. special massage therapy (manual lymph drainage), compression devices
often occurs after cancer surgery

Question 16

lupus

Answer 16

autoimmune disease
most common form = systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE)
s/s: inflammation in the skin, kidneys, and joints
treatment: immunosuppressants

Question 17

stages of AIDS & HIV

Answer 17

1. acute HIV infection: flu-like symptoms, very infectious, rash, night sweats, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, mouth ulcers
2. chronic HIV infection: antiretroviral therapy can prevent immune system damage
3. AIDS: rapid weight loss, reccurring fever, extreme fatigue, sores, discolored skin, prolong lymph glands swelling

Question 18

AIDS dementia complex

Answer 18

developed due to a damaged CNS
s/s: memory loss, poor coordination, slowed movements, behavioral changes

Question 19

lymphoma

Answer 19

cancer of the lymphatic system
s/s: swollen lymph nodes, fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss, fever

Question 20

multiple myeloma

Answer 20

cancer of the plasma cells
s/s: anemia, fatigue, weakness, weight loss, frequent infections

Question 21

tumor

Answer 21

cluster of abnormally growing cells
causes: tobacco, alcohol, poor diet, obesity, lack of physical activity, environmental exposure, sun exposure

Question 22

chemotherapy

Answer 22

meds given intravenously to destroy cancer cells
side effects: N/V, mouth sores, diarrhea, temp hair loss, fatigue, weakness, anxiety, depression, decreased resistance to infection

Question 23

radiation therapy

Answer 23

directs radiation to a limited area
side effects: same as chemo; sore, irritated, burned skin

Question 24

targeted therapy

Answer 24

specific type of chemo
side effects: high BP, rashes, bleeding, clotting problems

Question 25

immunotherapy

Answer 25

uses a person’s own immune system to fight disease

Question 26

hormone therapy

Answer 26

treats cancers that use hormones to grow like breast and prostate cancer