Chapter 19: Endocrine System

Question 1

how are hormones transported

Answer 1

via blood

Question 2

pituitary gland

Answer 2

definition: master gland
location: behind the eyes @ the base of the brain
hormones: growth hormone, antidiuretic hormone (ADH), oxytocin

Question 3

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 3

controls balance of fluids

Question 4

oxytocin

Answer 4

causes uterus to contract during/after childbirth

Question 5

thyroid gland

Answer 5

location: neck, in front of larynx
hormone: thyroid hormone - regulates metabolism

Question 6

parathyroid gland

Answer 6

hormone: parathyroid hormone - regulates body’s use of calcium
deficiency can cause severe muscle contractions and spasms

Question 7

pancreas

Answer 7

location: upper midsection of abd
hormone: insulin

Question 8

adrenal glands

Answer 8

location: tops of kidneys
regulates carb metabolism, control reaction to stress, regulate salt and H2O absorption in the kidneys

Question 9

diabetes

Answer 9

desc: pancreas produces little to no insulin or doesn’t properly use insulin
risk factors: family history, elderly, obesity
s/s: polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, glucose in urine, sudden vision changes, tingling/numbness in feet, slow healing sores, increased infections

Question 10

type 1

Answer 10

pancreases produces little insulin
born with

Question 11

type 2

Answer 11

most common; body doesn’t produce enough insulin or insulin resistant

Question 12

complications of diabetes

Answer 12

heart attack, stroke due to reduced circulation
vision loss, blindness
leg and foot ulcers, gangrene

Question 13

hyperthyroidism

Answer 13

desc: thyroid produces too much thyroid hormone
s/s: increased metabolism, sped up body processes, weight loss, rapid HR, sweating, nervousness
treatment: meds, removal of thyroid

Question 14

graves’ disease

Answer 14

desc: autoimmune disorder, often causes hyperthyroidism
s/s: rapid HR, palpitations, dizziness, tremors, weight loss, exophthalmia (bulging eyes)
treatment: meds to reduce effect of thyroid hormone

Question 15

thyroticix crisis

Answer 15

desc: life-threatening condition causes by a rapid rise in thyroid hormone levels
risk factors: untreated hyperthyroidism
s/s: rapid or irregular HR, confusion, difficulty breathing
treatment: removing thyroid gland, meds to prevent thyroid from producing hormones

Question 16

hypothyroidism

Answer 16

desc: body lacks thyroid hormone
risk factors: hashimoto’s thyroiditis
s/s: slow metabolism, fatigue, weight gain, constipation, intolerance to cold, dry skin, hair loss, slow HR, low BP
treatment: thyroid hormone meds

Question 17

congenital hypothyroidism

Answer 17

desc: affects infants and children
risk factors: iodine deficiency during pregnancy
s/s: stunted growth and development, intellectual deficits
treatment: hormone replacement

Question 18

myxedema

Answer 18

desc: complication of untreated hypothyroidism that can affect teenagers and adults
s/s: dry skin, hair loss, intolerance to cold, fatigue, heavy bleeding during menstruation
treatment: hormone replacement