Chapter 20: Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Fundus

A

where the fetus develops; part of the uterus

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2
Q

Chlamydia

A

Bacteria infection
Cause: organisms introduced into the mucous membranes of the reproductive tract
S/S: yellow or white discharge, burning during urination, swelling of the testes, painful intercourse, abd and low back pain
Treatment: antibiotics
Can cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in females

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3
Q

syphilis

A

bacterial infection
s/s: chancres (open sores) on the penis and inside the vagina, rashes, headache, fever, weight loss, muscle aches
treatment: peniciillin or other antibiotics
can cause brain damage, mental illness, death. babies born to infected mothers may be born blind

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4
Q

gonorrhea

A

bacterial infection
s/s in men: white, yellow, green discharge; painful/swollen testes, burning during urination
s/s in women: cloudy discharge, vaginal bleeding between periods
s/s in general: rectal itching, soreness, bleeding, painful elimination of stool
treatment: antibiotics
can cause blindness, joint infection, sterility and PID

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5
Q

genital herpes

A

caused by a virus (HSV-1 & HSV-2)
treatment: can’t be treated w/ antibiotics, can’t be cured
s/s: burning, red, painful sores on genitals
antiviral meds can help pts stay symptom-free for longer. babies can become infected during birth

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6
Q

genital HPV infection

A

caused by HPV
cause: genital contact
s/s: many ppl have none, abnormal pap test, genital warts - may cause cervical cancer
treatment: no cure, HPV vaccine

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7
Q

hydrocele

A

fluid accumulates in the membrane around the testes
s/s: swelling in the scrotum
cause: 10% of male infants are born w/ it, older” injury or inflammation
treatment: in rare cases surgery is required

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8
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

A

disorder where the prostate becomes enlarged and causes pressure on the urethra
s/s: frequent urination, dribbling of urine, difficulty in starting the flow of urine, urinary retention
treatment: meds, surgery
common in men over 60

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9
Q

prostate cancer

A

s/s: difficulty urinating, pain during urination/BM, blood in urine
treatment: hormone therapy (slow cancer growth), surgical removal, chemotherapy, radiation
risk increases w/ age, slow growing

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10
Q

testicular cancer

A

s/s pain in groin or scrotum
can occur in adolescents and young adults, aggressive and fast-growing

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11
Q

vaginitis

A

inflammation of the vagina
cause: bacteria, protozoa, fungus (yeast), hormonal changes after menopause
s/s: white vaginal discharge, itching, burning
treatment: oral meds, vaginal creams, suppositories

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12
Q

uterine fibroids

A

growths that occur in or on the uterus, almost always benign
risk-factors: family history, race (black ppl higher risk), hormones, diet, obesity
s/s: often cause none; heavy periods, painful periods, bleeding between periods, frequent urination, back pain, pain during sex, pregnancy complications, feeling of fullness in the pelvic area
treatment: meds for mild pain, iron supplements, birth control pills, progesterone injections, surgery
ultrasounds are done to check fibroid’s growth

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13
Q

endometriosis

A

condition that causes tissues that normally lines the inside of the uterus to grow on the outside of the uterus
s/s: abnormal periods, painful periods, pelvic pain, difficulty getting pregnant
treatment: oral contraceptives, surgery to remove abnormal growths
can create scar tissue that attaches to structures surrounding the uterus

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14
Q

cervical cancer

A

slow-growing cancer of the uterine cervix
s/s: vaginal discharge, bleeding and pain during intercourse
higher risk for women with multiple sex partners

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15
Q

describe the trimesters of pregnancy

A

1st trimester: menstrual period stops, breasts may be tender, N/V, fatigue, mood changes

2nd trimester: weight gain, baby movement, fatigue and nausea improve

3rd trimester: weight gain continues, indigestion, heartburn, urinary frequency, fatigue returns, swelling

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16
Q

abortion

A

most take place during the 1st trimester
0-10 weeks a med or surgical abortion can be performed

17
Q

dilation and curettage (D&C)

A

used after 10 weeks of pregnancy; dilates the cervix and surgically removed tissue from the uterus to abort a fetus

18
Q

placenta previa

A

when the placenta implants too low
treatment: bed rest, potentially a c-section

18
Q

hyperemesis gravidarum

A

excessive N/V during pregnancy

19
Q

placental abruption

A

sudden complete or partial separation of the placenta from the uterine wall

20
Q

preeclampsia

A

sudden development of hypertension in pregnancy
s/s: blurred vision, headaches, seizures

21
Q

miscarraige

A

death of an embryo or fetus before 20 weeks of pregnancy

22
Q

cephalic position

A

head is facing downwards

23
Q

vertex position

A

fetus’s head is tucked so that it can move more easily through the delivery process

24
breech position
fetus remain upright
25
transverse position
most difficult position side-lying c-section required
26
when does delivery normally occur
37-42 weeks
27
apgar score
how well an infant managed the birth process and the change to life outside the womb scores appearance, PR, reflexes, activity, respiration
28
lochia
vaginal discharge that lasts for several weeks after delivery color changes from bright red to dull red to pink to yellowish white
29
sitx bath
postpartum bath to relieve pain and swelling of tissues around the vagina
30
post partum depression
s/s: tearfulness, fatigue, feelings of hopelessness, lack of energy, sleep and eating disorders, anxiety
31
how long do babies breast feed/eat formula for all nourishment
0-6 months
32
how much and how often do neonates eat
1-2 ounces every 2-3 hrs