Chapter 21 - Gothic Flashcards
Ch 21: This guy wrote “The Wife of Bath” story from The Canterbury Tales.
Geoffrey Chaucer
Ch 21: This saint was pummeled to death by knights under order of King Henry II because of some excommunications that he wouldn’t take back.
Thomas Becket
Ch 21: St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome and Stantiago de Compostela in Spain are the 2 most popular destinations for these peoples during the Medieval Age.
Catholic pilgrims.
Ch 21: Saint-Denis started as an _______ during the Caroliniginan period, and eventually evolved into a _______ church during the medieval period with was one of the most important churches due to it being the burial place of French kings and the birthplace of _______ architecture.
abbey; gothic, gothic.
Ch 21: What meant by the adjective ogival?
Pointed archway
Ch 21: The ________, or antechamber, was a medieval adaptation of Christian churches to accommodate large groups of pilgrims.
Narthex
Ch 21: A ______ facing doorway affirms several beliefs for Christians including the resurrection, virgin birth, and the belief that following Jesus’ teachings will be welcomed at the Last Judgement.
Western
Ch 21: Parts of a Gothic Church: The ______ is the central open main assembly area of the church.
Nave
Ch 21: Parts of a Gothic Church: The _____ of the church are on either side of the nave.
aisles
Ch 21: Parts of a Gothic Church: The ________ is the eastern end of the church from the transept forward and in the shape of a segmented curve.
choir
Ch 21: Parts of a Gothic Church: The ________ are the lateral arms of the church that face north and south often having portals that are of similar design to the main west portal, but are less grandiose.
transepts
Ch 21: The term ‘gothic’ was derived from the French term gothique which referred to what?
The Goths of Central and Northern Europe who were considered barbarians.
Ch 21: Some of the iconic features of Gothic architecture include _____ archways, ______ vaulting, ______ glass, flying ________, and a general _________ in its form.
Pointed; ribbed; stained; buttresses; and verticality,
Ch 21: In Gothic architecture, _______ and _______ are ideologically intertwined.
Form; function
Ch 21: In Gothic architecture ________ scale will always stay the same no matter the size of columns, supports, etc unlike Classical architecture where the scale was determined by the scale of the edifice.
Human
Ch 21: There were _____ sub periods of gothic architecture in France.
three
Ch 21: Gothic architecture lasted for approx. _______ years and was the only architecture in history that was not influenced by the __________ Age.
2300; Classical
Ch 21: Thomas Aquinas wrote in Suma Theolgiae that there were 3 requirements for beauty: integrity/perfection, proportion/consonance, and _______. It’s the latter that greatly influences Gothic architecture (let in the light).
clarity.
Ch 21: John Ruskin, the most influential critic of art and architecture in 19th century, wrote that there are _____ characteristics of moral elements of Gothic architecture.
Six
Ch 21: When John Ruskin wrote of ‘savageness’ as one of the six characteristics of moral elements of Gothic architecture, what did he reallymean?
It wasn’t derogatory, it was meant to describe the ‘wildness of character’ and ‘roughness of work’ which he thought were honorable.
Ch 21: John Ruskin claimed Gothic architecture is the only rational architecture because it is adaptable to what?
The particular needs of the client and program.
Ch 21: John Ruskin asserted that a building without ornamentation is haughty because it implies that it is _______ without it.
perfect.
Ch 21: William Durandus analogizes Gothic architectural elements with _______, _______, and ________.
Scriptures, congregants, and royalty.
Ch 21: Of Gothic architecture, Viollet-le-Duc wrote, “It is impossible to remove a single one of its _______ without killing the entire ________.
organs; organism.
Ch 21: Suger asserted that gothic art expressed the basic tenets of Christian teachings for the __________, and the more complicated aspects to the ecclesiastical ________.
illiterate; literati
Ch 21: Common scenes portrayed in Gothic art were these 3 things.
Last Judgement, Ascension, Second Coming.
Ch 21: How does stained glass get its color?
metal oxides are melted in, or paint is applied then the glass heated so the paint melts in.
Ch 21: This cathedral contained relics including a piece of the True Cross and the vestments of Thomas Becket.
Sens Cathedral
Ch 21: This star-aligned theme was also portrayed in gothic art.
Astrology.
Ch 21: The most important relic of Chartres Cathedral was this.
The tunic Mary wore at the Nativity.
Ch 21: Who said Chartres should be read ‘like a book’?
Malcolm Miller
Ch 21: Which church has a famous “Blue Virgin Window”?
Notre Dame
Ch 21: The Portail Royal of the western facade of this church contains some of the fines works of Medieval sculpture.
Chartres Cathedral
Ch 21: What are the 2 miracles of gothic architecture?
(1) Unprecedented height
(2) Lightness
Ch 21: The 14th century is known as the High Gothic period, and also known art this Frenchie word.
Rayonnant
Ch 21: This artist lived across the street from Rouen Cathedral and was inspired to paint it in different times of the day/daylight.
Claude Monet
Ch 21: English vs. French: English churches tend to be ______ and _______.
Longer; narrower
Ch 21: English vs. French: __________ are longer and therefore project out further from the nave.
Transepts.
Ch 21: English vs. French: The ________, or the rounded east end of the French choir, is typically rectangular in England.
chevet
Ch 21: English vs. French: English cathedrals are more likely to have a single _______ ________.
Western tower.
Ch 21: English vs. French: structural elements called ________ _________ are less common in England.
flying buttresses
Ch 21: This cathedral is one that has a reputation for hits historical significance and architectural prominence (ie the murder of Becket in the NW transept).
Canterbury Cathedral
Ch 21: This is the most historic church in London. Why?
Westminster Abbey. Weddings, funerals, and coronations of kings, royalty and “important” people.
Ch 21: This cathedral was the first to be built in a style that is ‘purely’ English, and was the tallest building in the world (at the time), surpassing Giza.
Lincoln Cathedral.
Ch 21: Due to its brief period of construction, ________ Cathedral was built to a single design style from start to finish.
Salsbury.
Ch 21: This type of vaulting inspired William Wordsworth to write 3 sonnets.
Fan vaulting.
Ch 21: In this culture, gothic architecture was less slender and tall, and art is less integrated into the structure (probably due to the slow movement of gothic style into the country).
Italian
Ch 21: What is a frontispiece? Which culture is it associated with?
A false facade. Spanish.
Ch 21: The Florentine style of Italian gothic architecture perpetuated this building theme from the Romanesque period.
Building of separate campanile and baptistery.
Ch 21: What is remarkable about Milan Cathedral?
One of the only ‘true’ gothic buildings in Italy (designed by a Frenchie.
Ch 21: Which cathedral is the largest Gothic Cathedral in all of Europe?
Cologne Cathedral
Ch 21: Scottish King James V engaged in the practice of sinecures which contributed to Monastery/Abbey decline in respect, and eventual abandonment of funding/interest in Gothic architecture. What is Sinecures?
gifts of unmerited titles in the monastery.
