Chapter 18 - Islam Flashcards
Ch 18: Initial expansion of ________ took place during the Umayyad conquests in the eighth century.
Islam
Ch 18: King Shahryar’s wife is cheating. What does he do in retribution, and what is the final resolution?
He kills his wife then seeks revenge on all womankind by marring every night, and killing them. This ridiculousness is halted by a woman who tells him interesting bedtime stories… FFS.
Ch 18: Islam comes from the Arabic words ‘islam’ meaning ______ and ‘aslama’ meaning ________.
‘submission’; ‘to submit’.
Ch 18: Islam was founded by Mohammed who was born in _______ which was located in Western _______ _______.
Mecca; Saudi Arabia.
Ch 18: The Koran is __________ from god through the angel ________.
revelations; Gabriel.
Ch 18: Meccans threw Mohammed out, so he began his journey, called a Hejira, to _________.
Medina
Ch 18: What is a caliph?
Religious and political leader of all Islam.
Ch 18: The division over recognition of the first three caliphs is between these two groups.
The Sunni and Shia.
Ch 18: Where in the chapter can you find an outline of the 5 principles/pillars of Islamic faith?
The second page of the chapter.
Ch 18: The Koran contains 114 suras, also known as _________.
chapters.
Ch 18: The servant of the mosque, known as the _______ announces the call to prayer, also known as _________. They do this from a tower known as a __________.
muzzein; adhan. minaret.
Ch 18: The mosque’s pulpit is called ________.
minbar.
Ch 18: During prayer in the mosque, the faithful face the _________, which is a niche that indicates the _________ - the direction of Mecca.
Mihrab; qibla
Ch 18: Common architectural features around the mosque are the iwan, which is a _______ that leads out to sahn, with is a __________.
Gate; courtyard
Ch 18: With regards to architectural artwork in mosques, what do Muslims have in common with iconoclasts? What is prominent in the artwork?
There are no sculptures or pictures in the artwork. Geometric, vegetal, or inscriptions are prominent in the artwork.
Ch 18: Muqarnas are a common architectural element in mosques - what do they resemble?
a stalactite or honeycomb.
Ch 18: What are the 4 main building types common in Islamic architecture?
Mosque, tomb, palace, and fort.
Ch 18: What’s distinctive about archways in Islamic architecture?
They are horseshoe shaped / pointed (called ogive).
Ch 18: The focal point of prayer was ___________ until 624 when the focal point changed to __________.
Jerusalem; Mecca.
Ch 18: The Dome of the Rock, also known as Haram ash-sharif, has a ____________ design.
Mathematical
Ch 18: The Dome of the Rock was built at the site of these two previous structures; and this archeological legend was said to be stored at the first of the two.
Temple of Jerusalem I and II; the Ark of the Covenant.
Ch 18: The Dome of the Rock was built to commemorate Mohammed’s ________ __________; and it’s __________ is the oldest surviving one in all of Islam.
Night Journey; mihrab.
Ch 18: What’s inscribed on around the Dome of the Rock?
A repudiation of Jesus as the son of the Abrahamic god (he is a prophet, nothing more). There is no trinity, there is only one true god (true monotheism).
Ch 18: What is a madrasah?
A theological seminary and university.
Ch 18: Where is the Alcazaba of the Alhambra located? What’s so special about it?
Granada, Spain. It’s super pretty and fancy on the inside.
Ch 18: What was Arab-Norman or Sicilian-Norman architecture like?
They were amalgamations of the two styles.
Ch 18: The Taj Mahal was designed to evoke the Islamic version of the ________ of __________.
Garden of Paradise.
